Wicker furnishings

Wicker furniture that can transform any room into a charming country house, if not in an Italian palazzo! Return to the fashion that prevailed at the time of our grandparents and great-grandfathers, a kind of tribute to retro touched including furniture. Elegant tables, chairs and other wicker furnishings, gained extraordinary popularity in recent years. A bit of history in different parts of the world people have long used basketry, because in almost every climate zone there are plants, various parts of which (long flexible twigs, roots or leaves) can be used for weaving. In this case, extraction and processing of these plants are not so time-consuming and subject to force, even women and children. Therefore, wicker boxes, containers for food storage, baskets, chests and trunks have always been widely used in agriculture.

Laying parquet on the mastic

This kind of flooring is made up of individual slats that can be mounted on mastic or nails. In the first case requires strict negvozdimoe base in the second - nailability. Plank flooring in a "Christmas tree" with no freezes and friezes. This flooring is laid on the cold or hot mastic. The base should be of sufficient strength without potholes and cracks. Consider laying flooring in the tree without the frieze on the concrete or cement base or screed. First of all, the base is cleaned of dirt, mortar, dust and other contaminants. Check substrate moisture and air temperature in the room: the air temperature must be below 10 °, relative humidity - below 60% moisture content of cement-sand screed - not more than 6%, intercommunication concrete floors - no more than 4%. Remove any dust and dirt base, check the flatness and levelness tie, if necessary, correct the base, dried and ground. As a reason to stick zvukoteploizolyatsii fibreboard, they are cut out and paste on the hot asphalt mastic and well pripressovyvayut. Can be applied cold bitumen mastic, but it should be waterproof mastic. Fibreboard shall not be continuous and broken edges, the humidity of not more than 12%. First fibreboard dry cut to size. They were then placed on dry ground with gaps between the slabs of 5-6 mm. (This is necessary for expansion boards.) Thereafter plates alternately raised and plank on the hot or cold asphalt mastic. Plate immersed in the paste be careful not to spray it on walls, and well they pripressovyvayut, preferably under prigruzkoy.

Flooring of inlaid (mosaic) flooring

This flooring is a square board (or cover), recruited from bars of different lengths and thicknesses, glued on thick paper face. The back of the shield bonded to the substrate with a bituminous mastic. In addition, there are parquet, glued back (back) side on a solid elastic material, which then remains in the design and after laying the parquet. Carpets come in different sizes, so they should be selected in accordance with the size of the room, assuming that the room if possible fit a whole number of squares-carpet. Previously for each building must choose rugs by size, pattern, color and wood species. Good selection is such as integer carpets fit without any additives at one time or another room. Selected carpets recommended again to sort, so that one shade carpets were in the first row, the other - in the second, etc. plank flooring on a hard bottom, mostly on a concrete screed. Screed must be done very precisely, with deviations of no more than 1 mm. Validation is performed fugovannoy rack 2 m Flooring is made on a hardwood floor mastic. The back side of carpet should come into contact with cement and the screed not less than 80% of the area rug. At 100% by Mr. adjacency mat screed to provide the most reliable bonding. On the thickness of mastic also depends on the strength of gluing. Pre-before gluing parquet paste to be mixed thoroughly and check it out thickness (see Fig. 32). Inlaid parquet plank so (Fig. 36). Along two walls pull two cords, perpendicular to each other.

Laying parquet on the nails on the wooden base

Reason (or black floors) consists of a boardwalk laid on wooden joists. Joists and flooring should be antiseptirovany and dried. Lags can serve the board or thick bars 25-40 and 80-100 mm wide. The distance between them depends on the thickness of the planks used for flooring. Laying lag and boards produce very accurate. If verification fugovannoy rack 2 m in length with the level of the floor there are deviations of more than 1 mm, the flooring must align planing. Snake spread so that the gaps between the boards of the base did not coincide with the mechanical junction of the parquet rows (Fig. 41). Otherwise, the nail being driven in the end groove strips, gets into a crack between the boards, which reduces the strength of the safety flooring. When the parquet on nails subfloor veiled cardboard, paper or glassine. This is done to nastlanny parquet does not creak, and to reduce sound transmission through the beam in the wall. When laying the parquet with a frieze in the center of the room pull cord for lighthouse Christmas tree. The rest of the process of laying parquet flooring similar to the process for mastic. Hardwood plank nail a length of 40 and a thickness of 1,6-1,8 mm. Each bar up to 300 mm hammer three nails: two - in the side slot, and one - in the end. In the bar longer than 300 mm hammer four nails, three of them - in the side slot, and one - in the end. Parquet flooring can lead to one, but better together: a parquet, and the other picks up right and left strips and lay them for 4-6 pieces while moving first.

Laying parquet different pattern

Parquet plank squares, straight lines, and deployed, as well as straight lines, carpet (Fig. 43), with and without a frieze frieze. When laying the flooring straight square plates are arranged parallel to the walls of the room. With almost no need cut strips. When laying parquet expanded square plates have a 45 ° angle to the walls of the room. Blog square can be done without waste way, but you have to saw a lot of strips to fill the triangles, which remain in the ground of contiguity parquet flooring to the walls and frieze. A plan laying parquet in the form of squares, first spread a strip of bars and the width of the room. It is advisable to select strap long enough to figure lay on the ground with the least amount of waste. Of course, the wall, you can use strips of other sizes. When properly drafted terms of laying the ends of strips have to saw off only after the laying of one of the short sides of the room. Laying lighthouse series of squares pull cord across the room. On the stretched cord plank plank in mastic or a nail. Lighthouse series plank as evenly as possible. Perform parquet pattern unfolded square starting with a trial installation dry squares on the diagonal of the room. Trims pick such a size that can be put across the room is an integer squares. The first series start plank from the wall at a distance equal to half the diagonal of the square plus a 15-20 mm gap between the wall and flooring. This distance is set aside from the corners of the room. On the opposite long walls are the points to pull the cord.

Repair doors and covers

Boxes, trims, parapet boards (sills), air vents, the ebb of time and improper operation of doors and window frames unstuck, crack, warping, rot, etc. In this case, they are not repairable. Doors and covers are manufactured in such a way that the porch they had leaks in widths from 2 to 2.5 mm. It is necessary for further staining. Internal doors never hang close to the floor. Between the door and the floor should be a clearance of at least 10 mm to the door you could put a track or carpet and it would not hurt to open and close doors. Inside the house or apartment is no threshold. It can only be chopped wooden houses. In other houses the lower bar raised above the floor level of 10-15 mm only at the door. For the repair of doors and covers are widely used screws of different sizes. They can be flat, Oval or round head. Their length from 7 to 120 mm, thickness from 1,6 to 10 mm, head diameter of 3 mm to 20 mm. To wrap the screws in slotting head slots (grooves) of different width and depth, which depends on the size of screws. Flat head screws wrap the wood flush with the surface detail. These screws are mainly used for attaching hinges, mortise locks, and some details. Screws Oval and round head can screw tight rim locks, handles, latches and other devices in which the head will not interfere with their work. Should pay attention to the threads of screws (Fig. 1). Acute thread cut into the wood, cutting its fibers, and thus firmly holds the screw. With a blunt screw thread just crushes fibers and thus ill-kept in a timber.

Flooring from hardwood boards

Hardwood plank boards on wooden sleepers antiseptirovannym thickness of 25-40 mm (thickness depends on the type of intercommunication floor). Laghi recommended to lay the premises along parallel rows, strictly on a level with the distance between axles 400 mm. Shield size 800x800 mm should be based on three logs, one of which is under the middle of the shield, and two others - at its edges. Boards with nails attached to a long lag of 60-70 mm. Logs are placed in soundproof backing or pads. Plank boards are somewhat easier than hardwood boards. Laying technique is as follows. First of all, define the place for the Lighthouse series, for which the floor space pull two cords which intersect at right angles. One of them runs along the long side of the room at a distance of 810 mm from the wall (800 mm length of the shield plus 10-15 mm gap between the shield and the wall), the other - at the same distance from the short wall. According to this column, packed by the letter F, placed two series of panels of Lighthouse, the first - in the corner farthest from the entrance. Checking the correctness of placing the shield on the cord, it nailed to each lag. If you use boards with the grooves, then put in their bonding with three spines and they skewer the following boards (Fig. 35). At the edge of the panels, facing the wall, you can drive nails from the top: cap them in the future will be covered with skirting no less than 10-12 mm. If the panels are manufactured with grooves and ridges, the edges with ridges turning to the walls.

Finish flooring

Gouging flooring is needed when the parquet nastlan carelessly and individual plates strongly favor or when flooring strongly detest. Planing operates planes and jack-plane with a well-Edged and directed knives. Planed wood in the direction of the fibers. Parquet, rubbed with a wet rag, planed easier, but less pure than the dry. Planing carry on his knees. To lower your knees feel the hardness of the parquet, under which enclose something soft, and for large volumes of the master-parquet wearing specially sewn felt kneepads. Sanding parquet perform in order to clean up the wood surface after planing, since it is often a lot of lint. Tsiklyuyut on wet and dry wood. The wet tsiklevat easier, but after drying on the surface may remain nap. To remove it, it is necessary to re-tsiklevat well-Edged and directed cycle. Sanding of dry wood a lot harder, but surface is cleaner, lint-free cloth. Sharpen and direct cycle in this case there is more. Procedure for sanding next. Sweep floors, remove some contamination, wipe a small portion of the floor with a damp cloth or foam. (Very wet the flooring can not be, since it dries, strips could warp.) Series takes two hands, puts a parquet floor, and with the push of moving it over, remove the chip (Fig. 44). Chipping periodically sweep to the side so it does not interfere with work. Cycle are along the strip in the direction of fibers, and not vice versa, so there was no scoring. Sanding parquet only intact, but do not align depression and sag.

Flooring of the parquet

Parquet floors can be installed on the sleepers, packed into separate columns on the concrete foundation (Fig. 34). And attach the logs have so arranged them parquet planks do not bend. Floors of parquet boards can be held on the first floor, in the so-called basement and nadpolnyh premises, provided that the premises are dry. Lags in this case are laid on concrete or brick columns up to 250 mm, standing on the ground at a distance of 400-500 mm apart. Brick pillars for stability operates in a half or two bricks. Placed first on bars waterproofing of two or three layers of roofing or roofing material on them - antiseptirovannye wood or other pads on the strip - lags thickness of 40-60 and a width of 100-120 mm. Lag can only dock on the posts. The surface of the bars must lie strictly in one plane. The same accuracy is presented and the surface lag. Laghi previously well dried, antiseptic, and again dried. If the soil in the underground a bit damp, it should be well dried, seal the bars at 150 mm from the ground (soil) and be sure to perform a second waterproofing on top of the columns. When moist soil should be taken to secure waterproofing of the underground, as dampness accelerates the decay of wood and defeat her Brownie fungus. Under such floor coverings must be designed ventilation holes to ventilate the underground space. Holes the size of 20x20 or 20x30 cm are placed on opposite sides of the cap. In addition, the floors themselves necessarily leave the vents, lockable metal bars within.

Device and repairing hardwood floors. Materials

Parquet (Fig. 31, b) are made of oak, beech, hornbeam, ash, maple, elm, elm (elm), chestnut, acacia, birch, pine and larch humidity of not more than 8%. The thickness of the planks of hard wood 15 mm, made of soft - 18 mm. The front side should be clean and smooth. The thickness of the wear layer - 7 - 10 mm (considered to face up to the ridge). Width of the slats 30 to 90 mm every 5 mm, ie 30, 35, 40 mm, etc., the length of the strips 150-500 mm with an interval of 50 mm (150, 200, 250 mm etc. ). Parquet strips depending on the profile edges are divided into two types: P1 - with ridges and grooves on opposite edges and ends, P2 - from the ridge on one edge and grooves on the other edge and ends. Crest - the protruding part strap that runs along its edge and face. Paz - a seizure, which is inserted into the crest connecting rods together and get a hard cover. Edge wear on the part of the ridge have a bevel of 3 ° for both types of brackets, the other side, with a groove - a straight line without the bevel. Bevel doing to strip during their laying tightly adjoined to one another. Permissible humidity strips parquet 9 ± 3%. Wood quality should be high. On the front side straps are unacceptable cracks, knots, wormholes, flakes, etc. On the reverse side are allowed certain defects, including rough plots of less than 30% of the plate. Keep the floor plank is necessary in dry conditions, but not near heating devices. Parquet panels (Fig. 31) consists of a wooden base and top front cover of the parquet slats of equal width with straight edges milled.