So, finished the repair at your home or apartment, lay new pipes installed control valves, beautiful imported radiators. And I want to believe that all the effort and material costs once and for all the inhabitants of the home from cold winter weather. Alas, all the caveats associated with the defects in design, substandard materials or illiterate installation of heating, begin to manifest themselves gradually. And if the errors in the design or inadequate quality of materials can be detected even before the works start, the process of installing a heating system to control very difficult. To be sure, as you need, at least, be yourself and watch the installer to install heaters from the first until the last second. Below we consider the mistakes and errors during installation of heating systems. Calculation and selection of the heating system device or upgrading the heating system starts with a literacy project. Must immediately make a reservation, that in a city apartment, connected to district heating, the possibilities for converting the existing heating system quite a bit. You can replace the pipe with more modern and change the radiator for more efficient and beautiful. Options for heating schemes in the private home or cottage is much larger. Accordingly, the design otopitnlnoy system should be approached much more responsible. And ideally the project should be ready before the start of construction of the house. First of all, based on the area of ??the building, its layout, ceiling height, as well as the type and thickness of walls, calculated the necessary capacity of the boiler, the optimal type of fuel (gas, electricity, diesel oil, etc.). In the next stage are developed wiremap pipes, location and type of radiators and other aspects. As is known, the heating system are the natural or forced circulation. In systems with natural circulation (gravity scheme) coolant (water or a special liquid - antifreeze) circulates through the pipes and radiators due to its different density in the flow (hot) and reverse (cool) lines. In systems with forced circulation of water moves through pipes and radiators at the expense of the circulation pumps. Both heating systems has its own characteristics that affect the nuances of the design and selection of components. First of all, the heating system with natural circulation do without the pump, and hence does not depend on the availability of electricity. But because of the design features it is suitable only for small single-storey houses with floor space of up to 100-150 square meters. m. In addition, this archaic system can only be regulated by raising or lowering the power boiler. In addition to the gravitational scheme worked without difficulty, in that the heating system will need to use more expensive pipe with a large cross section (not less than 50 mm), and for wiring to comply strictly with the angles of slopes. Consequently, the cost of materials for decorating the heating system at home almost doubled. To the list of features of heating systems can add another one. In a system with natural circulation, is usually installed open expansion tank, which is needed to compensate for thermal expansion of the coolant. So that the coolant is directly in contact with atmospheric air and continuously saturated with oxygen. This leads to the fact that the steel pipes and radiators are much more intensively exposed to corrosion. Therefore, in such heating systems can be used safely only heavy and unsightly cast iron radiators, which are particularly resistant to extremes of temperature and oxygen. On a modern and efficient heating devices have to forget. The most common are the heating system with a circulating pump can use a pipe with a smaller cross section, and therefore, ultimately prove to be more "economical". In addition, as a rule, they closed, that is, they use the diaphragm expansion tanks in which the coolant is not in contact with atmospheric air. This allows the diversity of modern space heaters - bimetal and aluminum radiators, steel panel and tubular heaters, finally, design radiators. However, and here the problem of dissolved oxygen and corrosion does not cease to be relevant. If, on domestic regulations, the oxygen content in the coolant should be no more than 0,02 g / l, in practice and in centralized systems, and autonomous (with intensive feeding of) this value is ten to twenty times more. It is therefore reasonable to use modern, corrosion-resistant pipes, for example, such as tubular steel radiator Charleston Pro (development Zehnder) with a special internal anti-corrosion coating. "Pitfalls" Mounting As previously mentioned, installation of heating systems failures occur at once. Often "in place" they are difficult to observe even for an expert. Disadvantages installation of heating systems declare themselves at the worst possible moment - during the heating season. They appear usually leak coolant and reducing power of the heating system, because of what housing does not get the right amount of heat. According to Andrei Baranov, a technical specialist company Zehnder, a world leader in manufacturing heating devices high-class, major mistakes installers, for which then pays the customer, are fairly typical. Error "Not the right tool" One of the most common problems mounted heating systems - a lack of suitable tools or installers of their poor quality. The main tools used to install heating systems - a monkey and a "universal" gas key. But for the installation of heating systems with modern materials such recruitment is not enough. "The ideal set of" installer should include the following tools: wrench, gas key of good quality, a special key for plastic pipes, a special key step for the detachable connections. The catch is that good tools Swedish and German brands (such as REMS, Rothenberg, Fulco, Forged) are not cheap - only a key gas costs in the amount of 40 euros. Cheaper analogues may be of inadequate quality, such as mild steel, which can not withstand loads. As a result, the installer, "regretting" the tool "can not" hold out "fittings that sooner or later lead to leakage of coolant, and, possibly, break the system. It also happens that is used quite a tool that is needed. For clarity, we give an example. In all modern radiator thermostats put - quite complex mechanisms to control the heat sink and, consequently, the room temperature. Now imagine the installer, armed only with a gas key and hammer. With such a minimal set of tools to install the thermostat correctly is very difficult because it does not follow the prescribed effort, it is likely to disrupt the thread or deform parts of the instrument. It threatens that once the connection will not sustain the pressure in the system and heat "flows". Error "right angle" Another common misconception that There is among the customers and installers, is that the radiators need to be installed horizontally. Indeed, how could it be otherwise? But it turns out, the radiators should be installed at a slight incline. In the radiator, hanging horizontally, gradually accumulated air - it simply does not "exit", and occasionally have to play off manually, through a special valve "vozdushku. But this is not always remember the hosts. As a result, capacity of the heating device, although not much, but decrease. Error "Not those sealants" As you know, pipe joints, especially the threaded need sealing. Previously, as a sealant commonly used linen. Today linen thread is also used, but in rare cases. The most popular modern sealants - a heat-resistant silicone and special Teflon wire (for example, production Wineflon). Unscrupulous installers as seals use a variety of materials, in order not destined. For example, can take the cheaper silicone for plastic windows, which is designed for a completely different temperature conditions. Of course, seemingly such a connection would look quite normal. But as soon as the heating system is working, the sealant will not stand the heat. And it is fraught - if not break the system, then at least the coolant leak. Error "Not the coolant" Often, autonomous heating system does not fill with water, and more frost-resistant coolants that do not freeze at subzero temperatures. But the use of antifreeze as a coolant imposes a number of technical features on the performance of the heating system, which is not always taken into account. Thus, the special requirements applicable to sealants and gaskets. For example, conventional rubber gaskets for cast iron radiators "swell" and lose their properties under the influence of ethylene glycol-based antifreeze. This leads to the leakage of coolant. In general, experts do not recommend the use of highly anti-freeze. The fact that the boilers are calculated on the thermophysical properties of water (thermal conductivity, viscosity, etc.), and anti-freeze properties differ greatly, so that increases the probability of boiler outages due to overheating or even premature boiler failure. Error "in the market price," Another error applies equally and installers, and homeowners. It stems from an obvious desire to save money. The fact is that the reliable operation of the heating system requires a good valves - gate valves, ball valves, etc. But the domestic market is rich not only a variety of models of ball valves, but no less diverse forgeries under the brand name product. And if the installer or the homeowner wishes to save itself on a firm ball valve, having bought it in two to three times cheaper, then certainly it turns out that the crane - a fake. It is made from cheaper and more perishable materials, softer, and thus fail much sooner than "firm" fittings. On average, the fact that the man up radiators quality fixtures and fittings, will have to spend about 100 euros. If you try to save money, the risk that a winter evening burst heating system, lies entirely on the hosts. In search of competence in the overall situation in the area of ??services for installation of heating systems are still difficult. Sometimes the professional level is not enough installers to work with modern materials and equipment that require completely different techniques, different from the traditional. "We would advise installers always carefully read the instructions that came with the radiators, - said Andrey Baranov, technical specialist company Zehnder. - There are all necessary characteristics of radiators and convectors on the size of the device and its power to the maximum working pressure, and other significant characteristics. " In addition, the market every year there are new models of heating devices and new accessories that facilitate and simplify installation. In order to understand this diversity, it is necessary to attend trade fairs and seminars. At such events, you can see all the updates in the field of heating, and experts will show developers how to work with new tools and how best to use only that provided by the development. Homeowners also planning to upgrade a device or a heating system in your home, be advised closer to the choice not only of components and materials, but also the company that will deal with installation of the heating system. And certainly no hurry to trust such an important matter "craftsmen," because the savings at this stage, funds may be getting into multiple large losses.
No comments:
Post a Comment