Quality standards

Stanislav Fried windows have become part of our everyday life, as well as in the practice of house building and repair. It would seem that we all already know about the windows on the basis of PVC profiles, but this knowledge is usually superficial and unsystematic. Particularly in respect of quality standards. Plastic window is a complex structure consisting of the profile (frame), glass and furniture. It is important that all these components are of high quality, because marriage is at least one of them adversely affect the performance of window unit. Therefore, to control the characteristics of a finished product and its components, use the appropriate regulatory documentation. In our country the basic requirements for translucent designs that are regulated by a guest, which serve as a guide for manufacturers of quality window systems. In SNIP specified requirements for the use of ready window designs depending on the type of building, so they are aimed directly at the builder and designer. Conventionally, guests can be divided into three groups. The first describes the requirements for the main windows is: - Profile: GOST 30673-99 "PVC profiles for windows and doors" and GOST 30973-2002 "PVC profiles for windows and doors. The method of determining the resistance to climatic effects and estimation of life "- windows: GOST 24866-99" glazing laminated construction purposes and Standard 111-2001, "Float glass; - fittings: GOST 30777-2001 Devices, swivel, tilt and swing-out for windows and balcony door assemblies "and GOST 538-2001" lock and hardware products. The second group considers the requirements of standards to be met by collected windowing systems (mainly GOST 30674-99 "Windows of PVC profiles" and GOST 23166-99, "Power Window"). Finally, the third group are the standards which set out standards for the installation of window designs (GOST 30971-2002 "Stitches assembly sites contiguity window units to the wall openings). Unlike other instruments, these focus mainly on quality of work, not products. The frame is a key element plastic window - just from its durability and performance depends primarily on the life of the whole structure. The PVC-profile affects many adverse factors. In spring and summer - ultraviolet radiation in the winter - low negative temperatures and harsh daily temperature swings. Today, thanks to innovations in production and use of quality raw materials offered to the consumer durable and strong profile. This is confirmed performed in specialized laboratories test profile in an environment closest to the real (the impact of ultraviolet radiation, various types of precipitation, high and low temperatures). If the changes do not exceed the established norms, it is considered that the window frame has been tested for durability. Durability depends on the internal reinforcement of the profile, which determines the structural strength and its resistance to physical stress. Much depends on the quality of metal and fastening it to the frame. To date, quality guarantee on the profile is 30-40 years for different manufacturers. However, this does not limit longevity: a series of tests are encouraging, it can reach 60 years. The quality of glass is no less important and the quality of the item in the window as glass. Its properties are to a large extent depend on the quality of glass, requirements for which are set out in GOST 111-2001. It defines the thickness, length, width, the difference in the lengths of the diagonals of the glass. With the help of lines, rectangles and special set of probes measured the deviation from straightness of edges, flatness and squareness of the corners. The document also shows the standards for optical distortions of glass in transmitted light. If a test sample to look at the special screen, typed in black and white band-pass bands, observed through the glass image should not be distorted. In addition, when viewed reveals defects in shape and size mismatch. Currently, the window market has come news, features which can significantly improve not only the level of comfort in the room, but the security of residence. In particular, this special heat-saving glass, which will eventually provide significant savings on heating of individual homes. In addition, this glass with a fast and efficient purification by a special coating. Under the action of ultraviolet radiation on the cover of a chemical reaction - the decomposition of organic mud formations. Protection against short-wave solar radiation can provide a special infra-red film can reflect up to 70% of UV rays. There are also reinforced with glass, which have high mechanical strength. The quality of glass is evaluated in accordance with GOST 24866-99. Double-glazed windows are classified as to type (impact resistance, sun, energy saving, frost, noise), and the number of chambers (unicameral, bicameral, at least - three-compartment). And already, depending on the category establishes requirements for the basic physical parameters: resistance to heat and sound insulation, the dew point and directional light transmittance. There are also innovations in the manufacture of glass. In Europe, in particular, produced double-glazed windows, internal space which is filled with a set of capillary tubes. It is transparent, made of plexiglass design. Due to the fact that light passing through them, repeatedly broken, the room is illuminated uniformly in all directions. The depth of penetration of light into the room can reach 15 meters. Furthermore, the use of capillary technology can significantly improve thermal insulation characteristics of glass. Another recent development - windows with switchable windows, which can change color and transparency. It is formed from two sheets on the inner surface of which is deposited the magnesium-titanium film and a layer of palladium. Mezhstekolnoe space is filled with a gas mixture of hydrogen and oxygen. If you want to make the glass more transparent - need to increase the concentration of hydrogen. And the addition of oxygen, on the contrary, tinted windows glass to make mirrors. Reliability of hardware fittings represents a different swivel and tilt mechanisms for opening and closing windows. The value of these systems is difficult to overstate, because of their imperfection or failure can negate all the wonderful qualities as a profile, and glass. Hardware consists of many elements: loops, brackets, handles and locks the clutch, tie rods, fixtures, machinery and ventilation, etc. It carries a basic dynamic and mechanical load the windowing system, so its quality to a large extent on the quality of the whole structure. Basic requirements for fittings are indicated in GOST 30777-2001. They are divided into structural, durability and ergonomics. No moving parts to move without effort. Elements of hardware - securely and easily regulated depending on the destination. The mechanism set "required" to provide a process of opening and closing not less than 20 thousand times. Furthermore, in accordance with GOST products are tested on a dynamic load. If after such inspection no defects are found, the test is successfully completed. Load applied to the handle fitting, for turning the device should not exceed 50H, and for the swing-out - 100N. On front parts accessories regulated protective coating (metal, polymer or other). Requirements for the lock and hardware for window fittings registered in a separate standard (GOST 538-2001). Controlled by their size, corrosion resistance (in special climate chambers) and surface roughness parameters of strength, reliability, etc. The window unit and the installation of addition to the quality of the individual components of window assembly shall be secured and the construction quality of the assembled. Normative documents to assess the final window design - it's GOST 30674-99 and GOST 23166-99. Before assembly of component parts must pass all necessary tests, including endurance. Finally, setting, from which much depends. To date, the bulk of claims for work window companies have not the quality of products, namely, the mounting structure. Incorrectly installed system, no matter what quality it is, loses all consumer benefits. Therefore, the installation of the product should be performed only by specialized construction companies, operating in accordance with accepted national standards. Requirements for the installation work is mainly prescribed in GOST 30971-2002. According to this document, assembly joints are divided into classes depending on the values ??of the performance indicators such as resistance to heat, resistance to deformation, water and air. Before installing the window, you must prepare the surface slopes. Cracky zashpaklevyvayutsya, wall voids are closed by special rigid inserts. If the walls of the building have low resistance to heat, insulated interior slopes. Location and type of fasteners (anchor plates, construction screws, dowels different) window assembly are chosen based on preliminary calculations, taking into account the design of the opening, material and strength of walls, size and weight of the window, as well as the possible effect of stress. Thus, the quality of the windowing system can be judged by the quality of the three positions: accessories, window assembly as a whole and installation. Requirements for them are governed by the relevant State standards. For a profile, glass and furniture are regulated by the physical and mechanical, technical and geometric parameters. In a window unit focuses on performance and correctness of the compounds selected designs. The quality of construction works in accordance with regulations determined by the materials, fixtures and insulation design of construction joints, the preparation of the window opening, as well as the accuracy of calculations of loads and temperatures. Today, consumers are increasingly choosing products certified by State Standard of Russian authorities. This applies to virtually all industries, not just construction. Sign guests always a sign of quality products. And now, when the market is filled with products of different brands, at least one of the landmarks in the choice is obvious.