Small-pieces paving

Paving small-pieces in recent years become increasingly popular pavers, colored and curly paving tiles and other architectural and expressive and practical small-pieces paving elements. However, the culture of working with such materials do not always correspond to their functional and aesthetic possibilities. Violations of the technology of laying fragmented elements of paving, the use of materials that do not meet intended coverage often leads to the fact that roads and pavements fail, hump, the individual elements become loose and destroyed. Therefore, when laying the fragmented elements of the paving is important to observe the technology correctly use materials and use special equipment to perform this type of work. Substrate preparation work should begin with the seal of subgrade to a steady state. Particular attention should be paid to the organization of its drainage. If the subgrade is wet, low nesushey ability to use geosynthetics. However, if the soil is sandy, often do not require installation of base layer. Preparation of the bed under the cover paving Crossfall bed must meet cross slope for the cover. The thickness of the underlying layer of 2-5 cm can not exceed the upper limit, or under operational loads can deform the outer coating. The material of the underlying layer is most suitable sand fractions 0-2 or 0-4 mm chippings of size 1-3 or 2-5 mm, and a mixture of crushed sand with crushed stone of size 0-5 mm. The size of large particles should not exceed 8 mm. At sites with higher traffic loads as a binder for the underlying layer should be added to cement or lime. On sites under the eaves or overhangs the underlying layer material usually remains dry and loose. In this case, the bricks are laid in a dry mortar and proper gravel mixture, and after laying all the gaps between the stones filled with fine sand. Proper laying all the tiles or stones should be laid accurately to the height, angle and subject to the direction of the route (on cable), leaving sufficient clearance for the seams. When forced densification (compaction), even the smallest error lay not be eliminated. This also applies to rocks with seals. However, the strip can not be considered complete substitute for filling the joints. They can only serve as an aid to provide a measure of the width of the seams. Location and size of joints along the edges of curbs and other filler elements and facilities must be planned in accordance with the modular grid. It must take into account the deviation of ± 3 mm due to manufacturing technology paving elements. This will allow, if necessary replace the stone or tile in the coating. To ensure the straightness of seams approximately every 3 m in the longitudinal direction of the pull cords. When partitioning large areas need to pull the strings in two directions, and every 1-3 m to monitor compliance with the angles. As a frame of paved areas should be used is laid in a concrete bed curb or edging stones, which are usually reliably perceive the load on the edge of coverage. These barriers installed before installing the outer part of the pavement to prevent cross-mixing and sediment rocks. Adjacent to the paved areas of the buildings are placed so that surface water flowed not to the building, and from him. Otherwise, you must provide gutters and gutter inlets at the very buildings. In accordance with the requirements of the outer surface roughness within a 4-meter high control segment of the concrete pavement stones and concrete slabs should not exceed 10 mm. However, this criterion should always be considered in conjunction with the structure of the outside of the coating. The difference in height of concrete stones usually compensate them laying in a relatively loose sand bed. Advantages paving Manufacturability. Sidewalk tiles - very tech material, laying it can be done manually or by using plitkoukladochnyh machines, and the presence shvoobrazovateley can do it as quickly as possible, without pre-fitting with a guaranteed clearance. Convenience. On the surface of paving slabs are no puddles. The presence of gaps allows moisture to evaporate freely penetrate through the tile flooring and eliminates the formation of a surface water mirrors. Environmentally friendly. Recent studies have shown that asphalt when heated above 25 degrees Celsius in the atmosphere starts to produce carcinogens. Sidewalk tiles with natural climatic heating does not soften and retain their strength properties, it does not emit, unlike asphalt, volatile hazardous substances. Also, it does not violate the natural needs of green plants in gaseous and water exchange, which favorably affects the appearance of the landscape and human health. Longevity. The service life of pavement at least 25 years (since the pavement frost is 200-300 cycles). The porous structure allows water to go through the tile to the substrate, so the tile surface is not destroyed. Maintainability. If necessary repairs (eg, underground pipelines, etc.), paving tiles can be easily dismantled, to undertake the necessary work and lay it again. "Cobbles" is recommended for use in areas proleganiya underground utilities. Aesthetics. The color scheme of the tiles may be varied, and color saturation with time is not lost.