Types of radiators

There are several types of radiators (radiators), which differ according to material from which they are made, weight, size, power, heat transfer and heat loss, appearance (design) costs. It is very important to choose exactly the type of radiator, that would meet all the various settings. In this paper, we gave a brief description of the main categories and types of heating radiators (radiators), their advantages and disadvantages, in the hope that it will help you make the right choice. Currently, cottage construction and slum apartments used several types of radiator: aluminum, bi-metal, cast iron, steel convector. Heating radiators: convection or radiation? "The principle of operation of the heating system with radiators is simple: heated to the desired temperature of water from the boiler enters the room through the pipes. Then she gets in heater, which heats the air in the room. It should be noted that if the heat transfer by convection (rapid heating of the air flowing through a developed surface to be heated), then this is called a convector heater, and if the heat transfer by radiation (heat the surrounding air surface, having a fever and heat) is a heating device called a heat sink. There are also combination units - panel convector radiators. It follows from the above, for a quick warm-up room is best suited convector, but it has one flaw: due to active convection the air is keen on a large amount of dust that is not the best impact on human health. Therefore, convectors are used only in problem areas of heating (eg, creating an air curtain in a room with lots of glass, where conventional heaters can not fit in size). Radiators for this give about 60% of the heat radiation of heat energy, the rest is given by convection. This ensures minimal convection hot air and successfully heated objects in the room. This radiator heating closest to the warm floor heating. Radiator water heating can be divided into two groups: - Section - cast iron, aluminum, bimetallic (aluminum and steel) - panel - steel. Sectional radiators made of cast iron and aluminum cast iron sectional radiators proved to be reliable and practical. They are resistant to corrosion, have high heat capacity per unit length of the device and can be used in heating systems with low-quality coolant. Cast-iron radiators are more suitable for heating systems for solid fuels. Due to the large capacity (about 1.4 liters section) and physical properties of cast iron radiators are still hot for a longer time, that much important in the intervals between retrievals solid fuel boilers. Most of the cast-iron radiators devices designed to pressure from 6 to 9 atm. crimp pressure to 15-16 atm. The maximum coolant temperature to 130 degrees. C. The cast iron radiator has a large thermal inertia, ie a long time heats the room and gives off heat for a long time. Because of this cast-iron radiators are not suitable for space heating, where you have the time (or desire) the temperature of 25 degrees during the day. C and 17 degrees at night. C with varying (rather quickly) the outdoor temperature. An alternative to cast iron is aluminum from which the more spectacular in appearance and less metal-aluminum or bimetal (steel + aluminum) radiators. The advantage of these heaters is that they warm up a room faster than cast iron radiators, and well-controlled thermostatic valves. Aluminum and bimetallic sectional radiators are designed to pressure from 6 to 25 atm. crimp pressure to 37 atmospheres. Maximum coolant temperature to 130 degrees. Due to the fact that aluminum is sensitive to the quality of the coolant, the acidity of the latter must lie in the range pH 7-8. It is also desirable large jumps in pressure and temperature. To prevent electrochemical corrosion in the joints of aluminum sections with steel pipes to be used special adapters. These radiators are delivered sections (their assembly is done on site using special nipples), and it is impossible to collect a large radiator length and height of a small the threat of it leaking. Steel panel radiators steel panel radiators - the midpoint of the thermal conductivity between the iron and aluminum radiators. panel radiators are made of forged, corrosion-resistant steel sheet, forming a series of vertical parallel channels, which are combined horizontal collectors. Radiators run, single row double-row, three-row, with fins and without it. Each radiator is covered with a multilayer heat-resistant enamel. Some manufacturers have to improve the reliability of the radiator cover their tsinkofosfatom (since the radiators are performed by spot welding). Steel radiators are recommended for stand-alone, closed heating systems cooled with low oxygen content. Steel panel radiators are designed to pressure from 6 to 10 atm. crimp pressure to 13 atmospheres. Maximum coolant temperature to 120 degrees. This steel radiators have certain advantages over cast iron and bimetallic. It would seem, cast iron radiator Although cumbersome, but nevertheless reliable warmth. In fact, to cast iron radiators gave the same heat as steel, must pass through it 7 times more water, and, moreover, its temperature must be above about 20 degrees. S. And this in turn leads to an increase in fuel consumption and the need to install more efficient pumps. Bimetal radiator loses steel on some technical indicators, such as a reduced volume of circulating water. Steel radiators have a developed heat-transfer room warms up quickly, without wasting energy on heating themselves. During the reconstruction of the old heating system (replacing old cast iron radiators on the steel panel radiators) can reduce energy consumption for heating. bimetallic radiators, bimetal radiators resemble aluminum, but thanks to the use of steel pipes, inside each section can withstand the internal pressure of 25 atm . and above. The power of each section (at a height of 500 mm) 160 Tues apply generally to development of city apartments. Bimetal radiator, devoid of deficiencies of iron and aluminum radiators, still plays the steel on some technical indicators, such as a reduced volume of circulating water. It would seem that it was good. But in order to heat the room to the optimum temperature and maintain it at a constant level, it is necessary and water pump all the time. Given that the cross section of bimetallic tubes is very small, only 12-15 mm, the velocity of circulating fluid should be high, ie, the liquid must be made under high pressure. In addition, at high pressure in the system most vulnerable node becomes a pot joints threaded fittings, thermostatic head may issue a characteristic whistle. Bimetal radiators suitable for apartments, where the heating system differ high working pressure and poor water quality. How to choose a radiator and radiator raschot moschosti To determine the size and heat output of radiator you need to calculate the heat consumption on the premises. There is a simple average calculation method. For the Russian middle band power calculation radiator is as follows: 10 square meters. square meters room - 1 kW of power radiator (with a ceiling height of 3 meters). Plus, it is desirable to place the radiators under each window of the room to the window is not misting. When choosing the type of radiator should proceed from where you want to put it: the cottage with a self-heating or in an apartment with central heating, because the operating conditions in these cases differ greatly. The main difference - high pressure and high oxygen content in water in central heating. For autonomous heating systems are best suited steel panel radiators, and for flats with a great working pressure and poor water quality - bimetal, aluminum or cast iron. If you want to replace the radiators in the apartment, you should know the pressure in the heating system. This pressure should be no higher than the working pressure for the radiator. Next should clarify the dimensions liner to radiators .