Pit

Vadim Kovalev Today we continue to talk about what issues to overcome before the start of construction of the house, using a published data, these all-knowing Internet, and even their own experiences. One such problem is the construction of the well. If your garden plots no running water, then the question of water supply in any other way than building a well you can not be resolved. And the water you need, both for drinking and cooking, and for the construction of suburban homes, and eventually to water plants. Why is this problem must be solved before construction even started, and even better - at the stage of planning the site? And here's why. Well, usually built far from anywhere that is not where you'd like and it would be more convenient for you, and where groundwater comes to the surface more closely. And the closer they are, the less you effort and funds to build a well. And not everyone is an expert on their construction (if it is indeed the "Specialist") will agree to your request to dig a well in the place that you have planned for him. That's what about this recall from the not very rich personal experience. Specialist, who came to the area for a long time on it went, carefully considering the one he led the signs and symptoms of nearly bedding water, then pulled out of the bag two pieces of steel wire bent into L-shaped "(these were the so-called bioramki), took them in hands and once again walked slowly the entire site. (Frankly, this method of finding water for the first time I had seen, though before many times in the literature came across mention of the use of the search for water vine. Probably because the vine in our area is not growing, this expert has learned to use "bioramki. - In . K.) As a result of re-crawl on the site, there are two pegs marking the sites where the specialist undertakes the construction of the well. And, of course, one of them turned at an angle of the foundation of the future house. About shifts the center of a well or a meter, or even half a meter of "specialist" did not want to even hear. "I will dig where he had said, or will not dig at all!" - He said quite categorically. Had to accept and carry markup at the foundation of 1,5 meters away. Now imagine what would happen if the foundation has been laid? Would have to build a well in place of the second peg, which was about 20 meters from the house, and this place is, by definition, that same expert was "much less promising." But the good thing that at least a "fallback option" was available. And if the peg was just one, but the foundation was already standing? Approximately the same pattern was observed in the neighboring area, although there is well under the foundation did not hit, but came under the spot where later the planned construction of a bath. So as you can see, the question of building a well in the stage of planning has its definite plus. And to combine the construction of wells and houses, too, is not recommended. Vicinity of the mine pit should not ride cars to work heavy machinery, or hammers, as they can cause shifts and the collapse of the soil in the mine. Incidentally, in the above case, the foundation could not move aside, but rather to move so that the well was directly under the house. That's how many builders prefer to do. Well in this case is always hidden from prying eyes, and pumping equipment installed on it, will tselee. Now that a well constructed? There are two types of groundwater: groundwater - occurring in the aquifer soil, the pressure which is different from atmospheric, and artesian - closed aquifers sandwiched between two impermeable layers of soil. Most often used for underground water wells groundwater occurring at depths ranging from 5 to 15 m. Artesian water lie more deeply, and to reach them, it is necessary to drill the well. But these waters, is under the ground at a sufficiently high pressure themselves with head raised above the surface of the soil, and even make a miraculous fountain. One of the most effective ways of determining the depth of ground water and their length is an exploratory drilling. Naturally, this requires the presence of appropriate technology, and therefore to address this issue better access to specialists, who quickly set the most appropriate place for a well on your site. By the way, test drilling you have the opportunity to test the water from future wells. Ideally, drinking water should be clean and free of impurities, have no smell. To verify this, it is usually sent for analysis to the nearest sanepidemstantsiyu. If the water detected any impurity or smell (in admissible, of course, limits), the results of the analysis of water you'll need to decide on a system of post-treatment. Filters are now sold in many, and equipment selection and installation of after-treatment to cause big problems should not. By the same Drilling, borehole, of course, must deal with professionals. The fact that drilling - a process simple at first glance. Geology of the soil everywhere is different and waters occur at different depths, and these local features you need to know and take into account when working. Wrong also drilled well can not only bring the expected water but also cause irreversible effects. For example, can dehydrate the neighbors well, then they will have for you is quite reasonable and quite serious claim. The wells are divided into two basic types: "Sand" wells. With their help is being sought in the first water aquifer - sand. Typically, the depth of these wells ranges from 10 to 35 meters (drilling of this type may not in all areas). From this layer receive water without impurities dissolved iron and mild rigidity. Pros: relatively low cost. Cons: short life, siltation, the need for a good weekly pumping, a small amount of water. Artesian wells (under the name the French province of Artois). Drilled to the deeper limestone aquifer. Because there are places where the missing one or more layers of limestone, such wells, in turn, are divided further into three types according to the depth of the aquifer - well first, second and third aquifers. Why such a deep hole? The deeper the well - the more likely the lack of water of undesirable impurities. In the Moscow region the depth of the first aquifer approximately as follows: South West - up to 40 meters South-east - up to 80 meters south-west - up to 60 meters North-North-West-North-East - at least 100 meters; district Zagorska more than 180 meters. The above values ??are approximate and are highly specific, each well requires individual consideration. Pros: Huge number of never ending water. Requires no maintenance. Not silted and not dry. No need to install the filter (as in "sand" well). The ability to use one well for a few houses. Cons: high content of dissolved iron and hard water, which can later be removed with special filters. Relatively high cost of wells and equipment. Water wells - water sources that are widely used in the past and present. Represent buried in the ground to the aquifer skeleton, which serves to prevent soil sliding into the mine shaft and penetrating into the water from the upper aquifers unsuitable for drinking. Widespread, they were primarily because it is - one of the cheapest methods of obtaining water. Since these wells are more simple, then if necessary with the construction thereof can cope on their own. Mine pit consists of three main parts: tip, shaft (stem) and water intake side. Usually in such wells, water enters through the bottom or through holes in the bottom of the walls. The depth of water wells depends on the depth of the aquifer. Dig a mine shaft in the water-bearing layer of soil to a depth that depends on water needs, typically about 1 m. The lower water demand, especially in the shallower depth to drop mine in the aquifer. Pros: relatively low cost and the possibility of raising the water without electricity. Possibility of washing. Cons: Dirty water, especially if nearby there is a big house or houses with sewer effluent in septic tanks. Water can often disappear, especially in dry seasons. Build water wells of various shapes: round, square, polygonal. For the construction of wells used brick, stone, concrete or wood. Regardless of what material is built well, its well head should protrude above the surface at 0,7-0,8 m, around constructing concrete 0,7-1 m wide blind area, who closed with a lid, so there did not get rain and debris . Looks wonderful small decorative frame, the authority processing headroom well. Water pumped from wells or pump up a bucket, with the help of the wooden house in a block system (gateway). It is recommended to have both systems, because in the absence of electricity from the process dostavaniya unequipped collar well bucket of water can grow into a big problem. Very impressive looks set next to the log cabins "crane". As a kind of tribute to the folk traditions, "Crane" at the same time is an effective device for lifting buckets of water. Each of those used for the construction of the well material has its plusses and minuses. In Russia wood for building log cabins wells have long been used - it is easily processed, affordable, requires no special equipment for the manufacture of parts of well shafts. A log house is made almost as well as the carcass home. However, this similarity ends. Most suitable type of wood - oak. He is so strong and resistant, that being in the water of the wells log retains its strength for several decades. In the northern Russian countryside you can still see the pits made in the past two centuries. In addition to oak, for the manufacture of log well suited aspen - its wood has a property very long time to rot in water. If there are no oak or aspen, and then used for the construction of conifers - pine, larch, and deciduous trees - birch, alder, linden, willow. But fir quickly begins to rot in the water, so it is hardly used. The thickness of the wood should be about 200 mm plus or minus 20 mm. Wooden wells usually do square with the width of the walls of about 1 m. For the docking logs to hew to the ends of the leg. From the outside logs hew to the plane. Felling collect on the surface, then descend to individual crowns dug pit. Thus it is necessary to ensure that the walls between the log and the ground remained free space width of about 3 cm walls and bottom of the excavated mine carefully align and strengthen. At the bottom of the mine set a crown of logs attached to it second, etc. A log house building up until then, while on the surface of the soil does not prove the three crowns. Still, digging wells, production log and installation problem - very time-consuming. Perhaps that's why the good old days the wells were doing the whole village, hamlet, or makes one a few houses. Brick wells have many positive qualities. Brick - a convenient building material. That's only for the well to pick up a brick with no cracks, faults (which often turns into a big problem). In all cases the width of the mine should be several inches wider than the outer diameter of the well. With a deep mine pit, its walls have to build from below, from the bottom. If the mine is small (less than 5 m), the wall is more convenient to put on top. Such a method of construction called the downcomer. If the soil prone to avalanches and advances, the brickwork should be strengthened reinforcement. Inside the brick walls are usually well trowel grout. Perhaps the most simply constructed wells made of concrete rings, which are buying concrete products in factories. Indeed, it is very tempting for a couple of days (or even per day) to build on your lot well. And because many builders are taking such a solution. Sizes vary: the height from 40 to 90 cm in diameter from 1 to 1.2 m thick concrete rings - 8-12 cm, reinforced concrete - 9.5 cm diameter choice depends on your planned volume of the mine shaft. Concrete rings are laid down by the downcomer, ie the lower ring is lowered simultaneously with the bottom of the well. At him as lowering fit new rings. This method has at least two advantages: first, the rings are simultaneously and fixture walls of the mine and, therefore, insure workers inside the shaft of people from the shedding of the soil, and secondly, with this method to install the rings do not need to use lifting devices. The lower the height of the rings, the easier to install. The joints between the rings carefully filled with cement mortar. Wells Concrete rings are two rather significant drawbacks due to the fact that between the rings there is no rigid mechanical connection. The first of them - virtually impossible to seal the top of the well. This is especially true in heaving soils. The fact is that in winter the two upper ring wells are affected by the same forces as the foundation of country houses. The rise of the rings leads to the disclosure of the joints between them and falling into the gaps of the soil and small stones. For this reason, the ring can not stand on its old location and the well is leaking. In the formed gap gets water from the upper layers and the soil, significantly degrading water quality. Sign of such a lifting of the Rings is a very well settled around the ground (especially noticeable in the spring). This subsidence is caused by two factors: soil compaction after his digging, as well as the fact that part of the soil fell through the cracks inside the well. And this picture is typical for most climate zones in Russia, where the depth of soil freezing more than 1 meter. A second drawback - the shift of the lowest ring about the vertical axis of the well. The shift of the rings can occur in any place, any direction. The reason for the shift - moving soil layers located above the aquifers, as they have a soft "liquefied" structure. This shift also leads to loss of tightness of a well in the lower part and getting into the water from the upper aquifers. In the unsteady and dynamic aquifers are not uncommon, and such phenomena, when the lower ring just "float away" in an unknown direction. And anything to do with "uplyvshimi" bottom ring is almost impossible. It must be noted that some have greater resistance water wells made of concrete rings with "locks". While such a "lock" and does not protect from seasonal rise ground concrete rings in the upper zone of the mine, but the subsequent lowering of the rings in place, they occupy their original position more accurately. But such a lock to a large extent prevents the horizontal slip rings at the bottom of the shaft. It is true to a certain extent - the efforts generated mass movement, adjacent to the aquifer layer, can be so great that "lock" just break out, and the ring "floats" in the same way as usual. In addition to the rings can be used in the construction of wells, concrete plate, as an industrial manufacturing, and fabricated at home. The shape is usually square or polygonal. Technology for manufacturing and laying of concrete plates differs little from the technology of manufacturing and laying of concrete rings. Shortcomings of the well will have virtually the same as well from the concrete rings. Much smaller defects are pits of cast concrete. With proper construction, they retain the strength for decades. In this case, the solid concrete wall is perfectly protect well water from penetrating the upper groundwater and soil particles. Construction of his starts with digging the mine, whose width is typically 1-1,2 m. The construction of a deep well in the literature suggests two ways to concreting. The first of these - mixing concrete wall mines in parts of sunk method.

Vadim Kovalev Today we continue to talk about what issues to overcome before the start of construction of the house, using a published data, these all-knowing Internet, and even their own experiences. One such problem is the construction of the well. If your garden plots no running water, then the question of water supply in any other way than building a well you can not be resolved. And the water you need, both for drinking and cooking, and for the construction of suburban homes, and eventually to water plants. Why is this problem must be solved before construction even started, and even better - at the stage of planning the site? And here's why. Well, usually built far from anywhere that is not where you'd like and it would be more convenient for you, and where groundwater comes to the surface more closely. And the closer they are, the less you effort and funds to build a well. And not everyone is an expert on their construction (if it is indeed the "Specialist") will agree to your request to dig a well in the place that you have planned for him. That's what about this recall from the not very rich personal experience. Specialist, who came to the area for a long time on it went, carefully considering the one he led the signs and symptoms of nearly bedding water, then pulled out of the bag two pieces of steel wire bent into L-shaped "(these were the so-called bioramki), took them in hands and once again walked slowly the entire site. (Frankly, this method of finding water for the first time I had seen, though before many times in the literature came across mention of the use of the search for water vine. Probably because the vine in our area is not growing, this expert has learned to use "bioramki. - In . K.) As a result of re-crawl on the site, there are two pegs marking the sites where the specialist undertakes the construction of the well. And, of course, one of them turned at an angle of the foundation of the future house. About shifts the center of a well or a meter, or even half a meter of "specialist" did not want to even hear. "I will dig where he had said, or will not dig at all!" - He said quite categorically. Had to accept and carry markup at the foundation of 1,5 meters away. Now imagine what would happen if the foundation has been laid? Would have to build a well in place of the second peg, which was about 20 meters from the house, and this place is, by definition, that same expert was "much less promising." But the good thing that at least a "fallback option" was available. And if the peg was just one, but the foundation was already standing? Approximately the same pattern was observed in the neighboring area, although there is well under the foundation did not hit, but came under the spot where later the planned construction of a bath. So as you can see, the question of building a well in the stage of planning has its definite plus. And to combine the construction of wells and houses, too, is not recommended. Vicinity of the mine pit should not ride cars to work heavy machinery, or hammers, as they can cause shifts and the collapse of the soil in the mine. Incidentally, in the above case, the foundation could not move aside, but rather to move so that the well was directly under the house. That's how many builders prefer to do. Well in this case is always hidden from prying eyes, and pumping equipment installed on it, will tselee. Now that a well constructed? There are two types of groundwater: groundwater - occurring in the aquifer soil, the pressure which is different from atmospheric, and artesian - closed aquifers sandwiched between two impermeable layers of soil. Most often used for underground water wells groundwater occurring at depths ranging from 5 to 15 m. Artesian water lie more deeply, and to reach them, it is necessary to drill the well. But these waters, is under the ground at a sufficiently high pressure themselves with head raised above the surface of the soil, and even make a miraculous fountain. One of the most effective ways of determining the depth of ground water and their length is an exploratory drilling. Naturally, this requires the presence of appropriate technology, and therefore to address this issue better access to specialists, who quickly set the most appropriate place for a well on your site. By the way, test drilling you have the opportunity to test the water from future wells. Ideally, drinking water should be clean and free of impurities, have no smell. To verify this, it is usually sent for analysis to the nearest sanepidemstantsiyu. If the water detected any impurity or smell (in admissible, of course, limits), the results of the analysis of water you'll need to decide on a system of post-treatment. Filters are now sold in many, and equipment selection and installation of after-treatment to cause big problems should not. By the same Drilling, borehole, of course, must deal with professionals. The fact that drilling - a process simple at first glance. Geology of the soil everywhere is different and waters occur at different depths, and these local features you need to know and take into account when working. Wrong also drilled well can not only bring the expected water but also cause irreversible effects. For example, can dehydrate the neighbors well, then they will have for you is quite reasonable and quite serious claim. The wells are divided into two basic types: "Sand" wells. With their help is being sought in the first water aquifer - sand. Typically, the depth of these wells ranges from 10 to 35 meters (drilling of this type may not in all areas). From this layer receive water without impurities dissolved iron and mild rigidity. Pros: relatively low cost. Cons: short life, siltation, the need for a good weekly pumping, a small amount of water. Artesian wells (under the name the French province of Artois). Drilled to the deeper limestone aquifer. Because there are places where the missing one or more layers of limestone, such wells, in turn, are divided further into three types according to the depth of the aquifer - well first, second and third aquifers. Why such a deep hole? The deeper the well - the more likely the lack of water of undesirable impurities. In the Moscow region the depth of the first aquifer approximately as follows: South West - up to 40 meters South-east - up to 80 meters south-west - up to 60 meters North-North-West-North-East - at least 100 meters; district Zagorska more than 180 meters. The above values ??are approximate and are highly specific, each well requires individual consideration. Pros: Huge number of never ending water. Requires no maintenance. Not silted and not dry. No need to install the filter (as in "sand" well). The ability to use one well for a few houses. Cons: high content of dissolved iron and hard water, which can later be removed with special filters. Relatively high cost of wells and equipment. Water wells - water sources that are widely used in the past and present. Represent buried in the ground to the aquifer skeleton, which serves to prevent soil sliding into the mine shaft and penetrating into the water from the upper aquifers unsuitable for drinking. Widespread, they were primarily because it is - one of the cheapest methods of obtaining water. Since these wells are more simple, then if necessary with the construction thereof can cope on their own. Mine pit consists of three main parts: tip, shaft (stem) and water intake side. Usually in such wells, water enters through the bottom or through holes in the bottom of the walls. The depth of water wells depends on the depth of the aquifer. Dig a mine shaft in the water-bearing layer of soil to a depth that depends on water needs, typically about 1 m. The lower water demand, especially in the shallower depth to drop mine in the aquifer. Pros: relatively low cost and the possibility of raising the water without electricity. Possibility of washing. Cons: Dirty water, especially if nearby there is a big house or houses with sewer effluent in septic tanks. Water can often disappear, especially in dry seasons. Build water wells of various shapes: round, square, polygonal. For the construction of wells used brick, stone, concrete or wood. Regardless of what material is built well, its well head should protrude above the surface at 0,7-0,8 m, around constructing concrete 0,7-1 m wide blind area, who closed with a lid, so there did not get rain and debris . Looks wonderful small decorative frame, the authority processing headroom well. Water pumped from wells or pump up a bucket, with the help of the wooden house in a block system (gateway). It is recommended to have both systems, because in the absence of electricity from the process dostavaniya unequipped collar well bucket of water can grow into a big problem. Very impressive looks set next to the log cabins "crane". As a kind of tribute to the folk traditions, "Crane" at the same time is an effective device for lifting buckets of water. Each of those used for the construction of the well material has its plusses and minuses. In Russia wood for building log cabins wells have long been used - it is easily processed, affordable, requires no special equipment for the manufacture of parts of well shafts. A log house is made almost as well as the carcass home. However, this similarity ends. Most suitable type of wood - oak. He is so strong and resistant, that being in the water of the wells log retains its strength for several decades. In the northern Russian countryside you can still see the pits made in the past two centuries. In addition to oak, for the manufacture of log well suited aspen - its wood has a property very long time to rot in water. If there are no oak or aspen, and then used for the construction of conifers - pine, larch, and deciduous trees - birch, alder, linden, willow. But fir quickly begins to rot in the water, so it is hardly used. The thickness of the wood should be about 200 mm plus or minus 20 mm. Wooden wells usually do square with the width of the walls of about 1 m. For the docking logs to hew to the ends of the leg. From the outside logs hew to the plane. Felling collect on the surface, then descend to individual crowns dug pit. Thus it is necessary to ensure that the walls between the log and the ground remained free space width of about 3 cm walls and bottom of the excavated mine carefully align and strengthen. At the bottom of the mine set a crown of logs attached to it second, etc. A log house building up until then, while on the surface of the soil does not prove the three crowns. Still, digging wells, production log and installation problem - very time-consuming. Perhaps that's why the good old days the wells were doing the whole village, hamlet, or makes one a few houses. Brick wells have many positive qualities. Brick - a convenient building material. That's only for the well to pick up a brick with no cracks, faults (which often turns into a big problem). In all cases the width of the mine should be several inches wider than the outer diameter of the well. With a deep mine pit, its walls have to build from below, from the bottom. If the mine is small (less than 5 m), the wall is more convenient to put on top. Such a method of construction called the downcomer. If the soil prone to avalanches and advances, the brickwork should be strengthened reinforcement. Inside the brick walls are usually well trowel grout. Perhaps the most simply constructed wells made of concrete rings, which are buying concrete products in factories. Indeed, it is very tempting for a couple of days (or even per day) to build on your lot well. And because many builders are taking such a solution. Sizes vary: the height from 40 to 90 cm in diameter from 1 to 1.2 m thick concrete rings - 8-12 cm, reinforced concrete - 9.5 cm diameter choice depends on your planned volume of the mine shaft. Concrete rings are laid down by the downcomer, ie the lower ring is lowered simultaneously with the bottom of the well. At him as lowering fit new rings. This method has at least two advantages: first, the rings are simultaneously and fixture walls of the mine and, therefore, insure workers inside the shaft of people from the shedding of the soil, and secondly, with this method to install the rings do not need to use lifting devices. The lower the height of the rings, the easier to install. The joints between the rings carefully filled with cement mortar. Wells Concrete rings are two rather significant drawbacks due to the fact that between the rings there is no rigid mechanical connection. The first of them - virtually impossible to seal the top of the well. This is especially true in heaving soils. The fact is that in winter the two upper ring wells are affected by the same forces as the foundation of country houses. The rise of the rings leads to the disclosure of the joints between them and falling into the gaps of the soil and small stones. For this reason, the ring can not stand on its old location and the well is leaking. In the formed gap gets water from the upper layers and the soil, significantly degrading water quality. Sign of such a lifting of the Rings is a very well settled around the ground (especially noticeable in the spring). This subsidence is caused by two factors: soil compaction after his digging, as well as the fact that part of the soil fell through the cracks inside the well. And this picture is typical for most climate zones in Russia, where the depth of soil freezing more than 1 meter. A second drawback - the shift of the lowest ring about the vertical axis of the well. The shift of the rings can occur in any place, any direction. The reason for the shift - moving soil layers located above the aquifers, as they have a soft "liquefied" structure. This shift also leads to loss of tightness of a well in the lower part and getting into the water from the upper aquifers. In the unsteady and dynamic aquifers are not uncommon, and such phenomena, when the lower ring just "float away" in an unknown direction. And anything to do with "uplyvshimi" bottom ring is almost impossible. It must be noted that some have greater resistance water wells made of concrete rings with "locks". While such a "lock" and does not protect from seasonal rise ground concrete rings in the upper zone of the mine, but the subsequent lowering of the rings in place, they occupy their original position more accurately. But such a lock to a large extent prevents the horizontal slip rings at the bottom of the shaft. It is true to a certain extent - the efforts generated mass movement, adjacent to the aquifer layer, can be so great that "lock" just break out, and the ring "floats" in the same way as usual. In addition to the rings can be used in the construction of wells, concrete plate, as an industrial manufacturing, and fabricated at home. The shape is usually square or polygonal. Technology for manufacturing and laying of concrete plates differs little from the technology of manufacturing and laying of concrete rings. Shortcomings of the well will have virtually the same as well from the concrete rings. Much smaller defects are pits of cast concrete. With proper construction, they retain the strength for decades. In this case, the solid concrete wall is perfectly protect well water from penetrating the upper groundwater and soil particles. Construction of his starts with digging the mine, whose width is typically 1-1,2 m. The construction of a deep well in the literature suggests two ways to concreting. The first of these - mixing concrete wall mines in parts of sunk method. Digging a pit at a certain depth (2-3 m), set in the bottom of the wooden mounting (the ring of oak planks), cover the concrete walls of the mine, waiting until it hardens, then continue to dig for another 2-3 m and concreted the next leg . Shallow wells are concreted by this method at once completely, starting to lay the concrete from the bottom up, gradually moving formwork. The second way is that the concrete ring is constantly increasing at the top - above-ground area. The lower edge of the cast concrete ring will be gradually lowered along with the deepening of the well. The disadvantage of this method is a long hardening of concrete, which often begins to constrain the pace of construction. In addition, to cast the ring, you need special, and the collapsible form. Much easier to cast Shah well not round, and square (100x100 cm). For the manufacture of such a monolithic concrete pit must also making internal and external casing, but the more usual rectangular shape and design. The height of the wall formwork should be 50-60 cm also well rectangular lighter and easier to reinforce. This is usually used 4 vertical rod with a diameter of 8-12 mm and 6-10 mm horizontal increments laying 10-15 cm wooden-frame house on such a well can be done as a standard (the usual "house") and non-standard, conveniently placed inside the pump , hoses, buckets and other necessary equipment. With a weak capacity of aquifers in the lower part of the walls well make the holes for the inflow of water. They may be square, rectangular (arranged horizontally or at an angle), V-shaped. And in them to prevent the penetration of the soil particles into the well, install filters: on the outside of their sleep with sand, and the inside - with rubble. On the walls of the concrete pits quickly formed mucus, spoiling the water and giving it an unpleasant taste, so the concrete wells, as well as stone, you need to be cleaned regularly. Water in the well aligned can be disinfected. For this purpose, a three-percent solution of bleach. To cook it takes 300 grams of lime and throw in a little water until mushy state. Then stir in 10 liters of water. This amount is sufficient to disinfect 1 cubic meter of water. Calculate the volume, mix the required amount of solution and pour it into a well. In addition, the walls of well log house, located above the water, and treated with a solution of lime. And close the lid on the day. After which water is pumped from the well. If it continues to smell of chlorine, the water pumping operation is repeated. And finally two small council. Negotiating with the organization or individuals on the construction of wells, require guarantees on their work. And those, and others must ensure that they build the well be water, and it shall be in the quantity you need. The best guarantee of this kind is to make your payment on completion of work. That is, you impose a well prepared with the necessary quantity of water that does not stop, even if you day without a break, it'll pump out a pump. And only after that you pay the full amount. With "experts" working under the motto "Boss, how much we need to dig, you just pay the money (of which half is desirable in advance), and if you have no water at the site, we do not fault!" Bind strongly recommend. This same "specialist" called us the condition usually do not scare. Building a coal mine well, we should not forget that its use is becoming quite dangerous because of the general growth of environmental pollution. Of course, there are still places where the water and still clean, but places like this, unfortunately, is becoming less and less. Yes, people often own making efforts to make poison the lives of themselves and others, although he does so not on purpose. Look, my neighbor installs a septic tank itself - from its well carried out, but your (path, even unwillingly) moved closer. But near landfill formed (well, should be the same people somewhere to dispose of garbage). First, a little, then began to grow, a little later in your well water suddenly appeared faint smell and taste, and the reason for this was that same, seemingly harmless dump. In general, for all of this and the state of water in water wells must be constantly monitored. And then he would be happy for a long time and you and your friends safe and tasty water.