Chimneys

Chimney - only visible from the outside of the complex mechanism of abstraction of smoke and gas. Any heating appliance that runs on a dry, liquid or gaseous fuels, must be equipped with smoke and gases. Experts call such a system piping gas removal. Principle of operation The main fuels for heating are natural gas, liquid fuels (diesel, oil) and solid fuels - wood and coal. During the combustion of fuel consumes oxygen from the ambient air. The products of combustion of any fuel - ash and gaseous combustion products. Buoyancy in the chimney is the result of the difference between the ambient air temperature and emitted during the combustion gases. Combustion products which have higher than ambient () medium temperature tend upwards, resulting in there and pull. Most of the chimney should be located inside the building to the combustion products that are displayed outside, is not cooled down prematurely. Soot, which is quite combustible material in conjunction with condensing on the inner walls of the chimney remains burning. Therefore it is necessary to avoid large deposits of soot on the walls of pipes. Construction of Chimney Safety and aesthetics are not able to display a stack of each radiator. Therefore, as a rule, a certain portion of the building will be a chimney, to which are connected from the chimneys of several furnaces. If the building is small, then, as a rule, a stack is enough. Naturally, the diameter of the chimney must match the expected volume of output gases. The shape and height of the ideal form of pipe chimney - round, as the gases come out smoothly, without turbulence. Chimney should have the same cross-section along its entire length. Sometimes still have to build chimneys rectangular cross section. This is due, of course, with the architectural requirements. In this case, choose an aspect ratio of 1 to 1.5, and the inner corners are rounded. Minimum cross-section chimney is 10 cm2. The minimum diameter of round pipe shall be not less than 15 cm for chimneys fireplaces - 18 cm to ensure good traction length of the pipe shall be not less than four meters. Common tubes for several furnaces must be equipped with smokestacks of not less than five meters. The length of the pipe determines the thrust, so to observe it is extremely important. Location chimneys As stated above, the main enemy of the good chimney draft - a premature cooling of combustion products. Therefore, most of the chimney should be located inside the building. Several chimneys in groups in which the pipe warm up to each other, thus saving (author gwru.ru) heat. Pipe, located at the outer walls and outside the building should be protected more insulation. Chimney should be located as close as possible to the roof ridge. This is done for several reasons. Firstly, as provided with free air flow to the vent pipe, and secondly, to a minimum acted out her part. Mouth of the chimney should be located above the upper level of the roof. Strictly not recommended to place the mouth of the pipe near the windows and balconies, as this may cause a fire. When roof pitch less than 20 ° vent should be located not less than 40 inches above the roof. When the device of the roof of roofing materials such as roofing material, pipe should protrude above the ridge at 80 cm in buildings terraced type chimneys can be found only on the highest roof. Height of pipe protruding above the roof, depending on the distance it from the roof ridge. Than the distance from the chimney skate more, the higher the level of the roof must be in its maw. In that case, if the proper pipe from the combustion chamber is connected to a common chimney pipe lengths are added together. For sufficient traction overall length of the intrinsic and common stack shall not exceed four meters. Joining their own pipes to a common chimney Accession chimney outlet combustion gases to a common chimney, should be organized by a special connecting element. Most often, the connecting element is a molded piece with a slope of 10 to 45 degrees. If the pipe connected to the shared several of his own tubes, they are in any case should not lie in one plane, as such their location can create problems with traction for one or more of their own pipes. Each tube should have its own process for cleaning the hole and check its condition. Total pipe cleaned and checked, usually by the vents. If access to the vents for one reason or another is difficult, then the attic provides a special opening. Such a hole should also be provided near each compound fracture and Vents. Technological hole cleaning must be equipped to securely lock the doors that have been certified by the Institute of construction equipment. It is also important to know that the purifying process openings must not be located in a residential area, food warehouses, premises for the animals and facilities with high fire danger. Distances of stacks of building structures Safety requirements clearly attributed to the observance of certain distances in the arrangement of chimneys. Thus, the outer surface of the chimney should be located not less than five inches from the wooden parts and other flammable parts. Connectors molded parts should be further isolated by means of special non-flammable insulating materials. This can be as concrete and the shell of mineral wool. Requirements for protection of chimneys chimney shall be secured on a special foundation or supporting those designs buildings that are able to withstand the extra load. In turn, chimneys can not act as supports or supporting structures for any other building elements or structural components as well as they can not be fixed no communications. The outer surfaces of the chimney should be protected from atmospheric moisture - rain and snow. To do this they need to be plastered, brick-lined or lined with tin. Chimneys can not be a holder for other structures, piping or electrical wiring. Product slotting works and works associated with the vibration on chimneys is prohibited. Materials for the manufacture of chimneys Chimneys are usually built of brick and molded prefabricated elements. Combine elements of the stack of the special heat-resistant sealant, resistant to acids and sudden temperature changes. Elements of the chimney should also be insulated. For the construction of chimneys suitable only certain materials. This full-bodied masonry, brick, aerated concrete blocks, hollow blocks and full-bodied rock of lightweight concrete. The outer part of the chimney should be laid out from the frost-resistant materials. Pipe, portions of which are delivered to site ready, made of fire clay, covered with glaze inside and are the most practical solution for quick removal arrangement of combustion products in a building under construction. Using a chimney as an additional source of heating is impractical because, cooling, combustion gases are ejected is much worse. Therefore, all chimneys should be properly insulated.