House with an attic

Alexey Tyurin on the tile, where a cat stalks a sparrow, looking out the window, I notice the Attic. To pretend it Privetnoye, I could lie and given me ivy, peas invisible for you to clean her windows. Lev Gumilev (translation), not by chance that this object is reflected in writers and poets. In general, mezzanine or attic - a Russian attic or as lovingly says Dahl - Gorenka, Teremok. Attic was invented in France by architect Jules Mansart Gardueenom at the turn of XVI-XVII centuries, which is a stone box "planted" a fragile, beautiful house. As you know, all the French bears the plaque of romanticism and finesse. Remember in the old movies of them live under the roof of the house, in the attic, where there is always room look much different from a typical apartment. Unusual tilt walls, large (or not), arched windows, sub-standard accommodation furniture create an extraordinary living space, which affects the mind and human activities. Most often settles a private space in the attic of the creative personality, where the usual four walls impose a state of deep depression. Well, judge for yourself, saying: "I live in a house with an attic (or attic), looks much more significant than saying that you live in a house with a loft. Of particular relevance construction lofts purchased in the postwar 40 years of XX century, when most buildings were demolished and housing (as, indeed, even today) were in short supply. Today, the presence of the attic not only a question of prestige and beauty of the house, but the real way to increase square footage at home, and significantly. In our practical time each square of the area and custom bath house find their destination. Moreover, construction of the attic is now not an issue, because the market is replete with high-grade construction materials. In Russia, the construction of the attic is about 10% of the traditional form of housing. In the cities, where most still develops multi-storey building, little objects to add loft. Technical requirements do not apply to multi-storey houses, first at the fire conditions, and secondly, because of the flat roof. But attic - a pitched design. No high-rise buildings with a sloping roof. However, in Chelyabinsk is the add-attic to existing (and old) building. For example, an object on Pushkin Street 71 or head office of MTS on Kirov Street. When designing the attic need to take into account the overall layout of the building of the base. Attic forms are determined by the geometry of the roof features and visual perception. Necessary to study the combination of communication networks of the main building and superstructure. Separately, should work together to provide engineering and projecting services. Perhaps the function of the attic space will not coincide with the mission-building basis. So this is the case for the development of special technical solutions. Necessary and the combination of parts attic with the general architectural appearance and elaborate design of the natural svetoobespecheniya. According to Alexander Sosnina, chief architect of the company "INSI, economically advantageous to the attic floor, but there are a number of reasons why it is impossible to do, and one of them - a banal human factor: it takes coordination of residents, but it is difficult to obtain. People now will not tolerate the noisy construction overhead. Conducting the work without evacuating residents require maximum security during the works. Decorating the same house attic remains an option for low-rise urban and suburban construction. The choice of configuration depends on the functional space and financial ability of the customer. For each type of home developed a special task. In many cases, a common project of the house needs work professional who specializes in loft design. The main requirement in the construction of the attic is the use of lightweight structures and materials, - says Evgeny Titov, technical director of "Mass Grazhdanproekt. - It is possible to optimize their rise to the top floor, and in addition, facilitate weight of the overall design. Expert advice - to create the design should be of wood-based materials and thin-walled cold-formed metal profiles. The use of stone, concrete is not recommended. It should be noted that the plank truss construction several times sustained in a fire than a thin metal profile (30-60 min. And 10-15 min., Respectively). Attic ceiling - is both the roof of the building. It should not make mistakes when choosing a roofing material. This can lead to freezing of the roof, condensation, percolation of rain or a thaw. Beautiful on the completion of the roof in a year could be just a useless operation. Not hard to guess what a miserable roof jeopardizes the overall "state" at home. Roof coating is also selected on the case. This may be a natural ceramic, metal or shingles. Note that the slate covering is possible, but it has almost no use, because in the market there are many alternative materials. Cover must be leak proof roof, heat / frost durability. It is also important external aspect - the coverage should not fade for many years. Suppose, for shingles, some manufacturers offer a guarantee of up to 25 years, metal will last 10, and most aesthetically beautiful - natural. Besides, she incombustibility and wind resistance. Given that the construction of wooden materials used, should pay special attention to fire safety. Excellent performance in this regard have gypsum sheets, which are used as floors, walls, cladding of the framework. Fire-resistance gypsum fiber 1.3 hours. This amount of time will be enough supply to meet the requirements. One should not underestimate the correct installation of "roof of cake." For attic ventilation - an integral part. Need to make clearance for air flow around the outside eaves cornice, the channels for its circulation, the holes for the hood. The temperature difference between outdoor air and under the roof should not be greater than 4 ?. There are cases when the owner of a desire to increase the space of the room ventilation reduces clearance between the ceiling and insulation, excluding mechanical ventilation. As a result, the owner gets a rotten roof, and headache. And the reason is as follows: moisture from the warm air inside the house reached the roof and fell on the condensate heater, spread it out. To avoid such a situation, you should put a vapor barrier layer and, of course, in any case not to deviate from the project documentation, ie not reduce the ventilation space. According to the norms of natural ventilation on a mandatory basis should be carried out between the tiles and waterproof film; between this film and the insulating layer, between the insulation and the final coating. Equally important is systematic roof insulation. Poorly insulated, will produce a quarter of the useful heat a home that will be a significant factor in increased cost of energy at home. And the formation of icicles on the outside can result in the best case, damage the roof, and at worst would cause physical injury. Insulation material is placed in the space between the rafters. The number of its layers depends on the density of the material chosen. Between insulation and roof must remain a gap. In Chelyabinsk available insulation materials companies such as Rockwool, Nobasil, Aksi, Minplita. Insulation must be protected windproof vapor-permeable membrane. As mentioned above, the slope - a characteristic feature of the attic wall. To provide the space with natural light to make a decision for the window unit. For the attic, they should be special. At this time, the window market favorite acts Danish company Velux. These structures endure increased adverse natural conditions, are not afraid of abrupt changes in temperature, they can be embedded into any place on the roof. Especially for Russia Velux has developed a "window to the northern climate." The location of dormers should be tilted. Accordingly, it should withstand a "decent" load. Additional activities on arrangement of the attic will include: insulation of walls and ceiling inside. They can sheathe fiberboard sheets which have excellent sound insulating properties, and even antiseptirovany, warming the floor. Between the upper and lower layers of the floor are laid two layers of roofing felt, then fiberboard or elementary veiled floor carpeted, the formation of residential areas. Functional attic space different: a bedroom, office, nursery. If you wish to make a wall in the room straight free side of the space can be used as closets. In general, the complex right approach when designing, constructing and equipping the attic, provide warmth and comfort.