On the pavement

All we want to see things around us were comfortable, functional and also have an aesthetic appearance. Especially nice when outdoors also have the opportunity to feel as comfortable as possible. Neat streets clean and tidy, create a good mood, soothe and distract from the issues. Sensation does not leave fairy tales, like you get in the past - under the soles of shoes even, smooth surface, no mud, no puddles, no pits or potholes. Paving stone has been known since ancient times. Originally it was used in its raw form, later became the shape of a cube or parallelepiped. The dictionary gives the following definition: cobbles - road-building material in the form of bars (length 15-30 cm, width 12-15 cm, height 10-15 cm) of solid rock (diabase, basalt, granite, etc.). This material is actively used in Japan, Finland and Canada, which indicates its suitability for the harsh climatic conditions. Cobbles covers there marketplaces, sidewalks, pedestrian streets, and often the roads. This is a simple explanation. In developed countries, people are more kind to their health. It is known that the widely used asphalt in hot weather or severe moisture produces hazardous to the body bitumen fumes. Paving is made from completely inert materials - crushed stone, sand and cement. Pigment composition is used only in the surface layer of the product, so the plasticizer and colorants are added to the solution neutral. Under the natural climatic heating it softens, preserves the mechanical properties and does not emit, unlike asphalt volatile harmful substances, not interfering with the natural gas and water exchange necessary for the surrounding flora that contributes to the preservation of ecology of the city and have a positive impact on peoples' health. A rich palette and various forms of stone (road, paved with stone blocks, to shape reminiscent of a carpet, while over time the color saturation is not lost) allow you to create unique patterns, which, if desired, you can always change quickly. Paving can be seen on many streets in the center of Moscow: the Arbat, Red Square, in Kamergersky lane. In addition, you can find cobblestone gas stations, platforms in front of large shops, banks and office centers. This is not surprising: this material adorns the street and gives a rich, respectable appearance to any building. Therefore, if you own houses or cottages, many have resorted to this method, namely the device paths and playgrounds. Cobbles suitable for building stairs. Its use eliminates the need to use this type of crane operation (which is very expensive). Change the level too is not difficult, and the process will be much easier than the replacement of unserviceable concrete march, which (after installing the new one) must also take to the dump. Arrangement of territory in this way will take time and considerable resources. But the result is worth it. Advantages of a huge number. First, the paving slabs are very tech stuff, put it both manually and using plitkoukladochnyh machines. Shvoobrazovatel can do it as quickly as possible, without pre-fitting and a guaranteed gap. On the surface paving is not the usual puddles. The presence of gaps allows excess moisture to penetrate into the soil, except for education under the cover of the water surface, so that its surface is not destroyed. Cobbles hardy (can withstand 200-300 cycles) and durability (is not less than 25 years). If the damage is covering the repair does not take much time - sufficient to replace worn tiles. If necessary, you can quickly disassemble and then re-lay a section of road repair or stretching beneath underground utilities (water pipes, gas, etc.). The result of the above: bricks - a material having a high architectural and decorating quality, easy to use, durable and environmentally friendly. It will last for years and will be pleasing to the eye. How and from what. One common way of making paving blocks is vibroforming followed by solidification under natural conditions. Raw materials for production are cement, sand, food coloring (for colored paving stones), a plasticizer, preventing the occurrence of microcracks and easy seizure of hardened timber out of shape. In the production method used sequential filling of different concrete composition, followed by vibration. The first layer - invoices - needed to ensure the quality indicators pavers (abrasion, water absorption, frost resistance). The second layer - the most durable, sets the bar of desired thickness. Drying pavement in natural conditions takes about 48 hours. Before the knockout shape of its heated to 60-80 degrees and then placed on a vibrating table to shake-out tiles. After a knockout paving is warehoused and maintained at positive temperature for 28 days. After this period, paving stones ready for use. Laying. In stacking, as in any case, do not forget about the little things. First you need to choose the best tiles, place your order, and in obtaining necessary to verify the completeness of the delivered goods. For quality of laying it requires careful preparation of the base. This is usually crushed stone or gravel-sand pillow, in the presence of roughness is more suitable concrete base. It is important to properly plan the site, given the level of slope for water drainage. To create a gravel-sand cushion is used gravel (layer 12-15 cm) and sand (layer 3-5 cm), and the sand must be free of clay. Each layer of gravel and sand bags align with special strips, and then compacted. To prepare the cement base is used cement mix, which should contain from 100 to 150 kg of cement per cubic meter of sand. When the base prepared, you can start laying tile itself - to the highest sealed pillow with a rubber hammer bar for bars with gaps of 1 -2 mm, which are then filled with dry sand. Important nuances. Blind area around the house it is expedient to do after a certain period (the likelihood is high that the freshly laid tile drop something heavy and hurt her), depending on the technology of building foundation and at home. If the foundation with a great descent, the ground next to him necessary or well-compacted, or wait until it settles, otherwise the tile will settle with him. If the foundation of a small burial, the blind area can be done almost immediately - adjacent to the foundation soil by using this technology, no need to remove. And in both cases blind area is better to do before facing the cap. This will help avoid problems with connection, and finished basement will not be stained. Laying tracks is best done before the planting area to avoid damage to lawns and plantings. If desired, herbs can be covered with polyethylene, and after completion of lawn vacuum. In addition, it is important to know: the pedestrian pavement (thickness 4.5 cm) did not have to drive a motor vehicle. Pedestrian paving thinner surface it rough, less slippery. Cobbles used for filling stations, motor transport or industrial areas, has a smooth surface and a thickness of 6 cm for laying tile on a concrete base fits tile thickness 2,5 cm in winter to clear the pavement of snow and ice can not be used crowbars and metal bucket - is ruin the glossy surface of the tile. To avoid surface erosion should not be sprinkled with a track abrasive mixtures containing salt, - for this suit clean river sand.