Romance under the roof

Tatiana Zelenova fans living under the roof do not cease to thank Francois Mansart, who for more than three centuries ago suggested using the space under the roof of a dwelling. I must say that the first inhabitants of garrets was not easy: the heat and stuffy in summer, cold in winter and the roar of roofing iron in windy weather. It is no coincidence, these premises have earned a reputation of housing for the poor - the main inhabitants of their long been the poor students and artists. Today the attitude has changed radically in an attic, and for the residents of a country house living space under roof, has become one of the most coveted. SNIP interpret the concept of the attic as follows: "Attic - floor in the attic space, the facade of which is wholly or partially formed surface (s) or oblique sloping roof, with the line crossing the plane of the roof and facade should be at a height of not more than 1,5 m above floor attic floor. This definition is suitable for urban high-rise buildings, and town houses. The Great Russian thirst for sybaritism is particularly acute in rural areas, and therefore it is not surprising that the architectural excesses in the form of the attic, where you can retreat and literally soar above vanity, want to have most of the owners of country houses and cottages. Classification and forms From the standpoint of Attic architecture can have a triangular or broken outline, to be symmetrical and asymmetrical, located across the width of the building, or only on one side of its longitudinal axis. With sloping roof form the lower part of the attic makes a steep (slope 60-70 degrees), and the top - a shallow (15-30 degrees). Ceiling of the attic at the highest point should be not less than 2,5 m - a requirement of ergonomics should be observed that life in the attic did not require permanent limitations in movement. Attic rooms can be vertical or sloping walls - Configuration roof slopes. The second option is more unusual and brings a touch of romance in the living room. Interior Solutions will require in this case a more careful approach: some furniture will have to search or, in extreme cases, make to order. But this lack of space with sloping walls more than offset by the beautiful view from the window at the rooftops, clouds and sun. Attic can be placed in the alignment of external walls of the house or go outside their boundaries. With a slight removal of the attic floor to rest on the console removal of overlap, which lies below, and for a large removal of creating additional support - the columns, walls, suspension. On the quality of the attic are the summer (non-insulated or poorly uteplennymi) and winter (well uteplennymi). Whatever it was, equip the top floor of the house, you can reduce heat loss and reduce heating costs. Better if the creation of a residential loft was originally included in the draft at home. Most often the attic do not immediately, but first create a loft, which can then be warmed from the inside, not looking roof. Actually, the whole house should be built in two phases to supporting structures of the new building, the foundation and walls to give a shrinkage in the first year, without triggering cracks, bending or breakage of internal and external decoration. In the first stage of all necessary works to convert the attic into the living room are only making waterproofing, as the device of "after" after the house is built, will inevitably lead to the dismantling of the roof. Warm and dry first garreteer desperately froze them in the cold season. The question of heat and moisture for the attic space remains the most relevant for today. Escape from the rain and snow will help heat and waterproofing materials. In the attic insulated all the walls, namely: gables, vertical sites on the low walls of the attic (1,2 m), if such walls are provided, the horizontal sections in the upper beam and sloping areas, the configuration of the roof. If this is not about the construction of the attic "from scratch", and its reconstruction, before warming to carefully check the suitability of the internal design loft for a new destination. The most probable "defect" - the discrepancy step inclined walling-rafter plate size heater. In this case, should provide additional blocks between the rafters of the framework. Mansard roof is composed of several layers, with the structure of the pie depends on the type of roof and room functions (however, the problem of thermal, hydro, steam and loft insulation deserve a separate discussion). Features of the fifth facade According to the theory of architecture, the roof is the fifth facade. That it is a silhouette of a house, gives a finished look and expressiveness of architectural design. When developing a project at home, which is supposed to build an attic, roof form should be given considerable attention. In construction engineering, there is no concept of "mansard roof" - is usually kind of a gable roof. For rational use of attic space is often done with a break in cross section. That part of the roof, which forms part of a sloping wall attic room, it is necessary, in contrast to conventional cold roof, heat insulation. Roof fracture separates the upper, flatter, some stingrays and rafters from the steeper bottom. In place of the break put the runs on which rests the crown attic roof trusses to the construction of simple shape with tie. The rest of the constructive solution of a mansard roof is little different from conventional solutions. Window on the Parisian earliest skylights appeared half a century ago. Unlike conventional, they are set at an angle and due to this missing 40% more light, and night and the stars. Slanted window can save residents of cottage settlement of such phenomena as light pollution, because of which one in two Europeans can not see stars in the sky. Such contamination occurs where to save the streets of the village is not covered by reflected light (such as lights called indirektami, and their price is quite high), and using lights, balloons, spreading the scattered light is almost 360 degrees. Slope box is usually placed at a distance of 90-110 cm from the floor, otherwise the effects may occur if the enclosed space, fraught with claustrophobia are prone to this people. The smaller the pitch, the longer must be the window. Vertical, or, as they are called in the context of arguments about the attics and garrets, hearing, the windows provide dramatic lighting swings - shady niches that are formed due to construction of such windows. In combination with the vertical walls it makes it difficult to plan wisely interior space. Sloping roof windows, in contrast, give a special three-dimensional rate and allow you to create unique color-light compositions, making maximum use of reflected light. A few words about the lighting. By definition, the attic - the brightest place in the house. As soon as a conflict between "receive" and "expected", once there is psychological discomfort. Ocveschennoct mancapdy paccchityvaetcya on cootnosheniyu effektivnoy ploschadi octekleniya and ploschadi pola pomescheniya: the proportion should be approximately 1:10. In this important and sektop obzopa cidyaschego cheloveka - it should be (at the otkpytom okne) DO NOT menee 15%. Glazing roof windows use special glass, which under strong pressure not break, and crumble into small pellets, non-cutting surfaces or laminated glass - two glasses, between which there is a special film that can, in which case, keep the pieces. Quality skylights allow higher strength, as the inclined installation requires an additional load on the window, and integrity. If the attic is spacious and it is supposed to place a few rooms, then the distribution function of the premises to better reflect the orientation of the windows. Bedroom window usually looks to the east window of the living room - to the west window of the office - to the north. Because people - being curious, at least one conventional, vertically oriented, the window still needs to be done, otherwise whenever garreteer want to see what happens on the street, they will have to come down. I'm on the stairs addl Les on the barn vsklochenny Osip Mandelstam Maybe leaning ladder and today remains the best for hay, but the attic is not good. The staircase in this case should be fixed and, moreover, strong, safe, comfortable and wide enough. Step width must be at least 28-30 cm in height - up to 20 cm Small stairs (odnomarshevym or rotation) is preferred. In order for people walking towards each other, could razminutsya, the width of a flight of stairs shall be not less than 90 cm is not as popular spiral staircases, with the support inner core. Stairwells necessarily shield the railing. Specificity Space Attic rooms are very specific. This is their special charm, but it does not mean that we should reject the experience of other people's mistakes in the design of sunroofs interiors. For example, because of the sloping sections ceiling attic room is almost always seem smaller than it actually is. Meanwhile, the attic area often do not just small, and almost equal to the base of the house, which is seldom less than 20 square meters. meters. In order that the rooms were comfortable, it is necessary to divide their partitions, but not stationary, and translucent - plastic, and better yet, from the translucent fabrics. Cut the attic space, it is necessary to take into account the location of windows and ceiling height, and location of the stairs. Ease of placement will give the white color and very light colors. Dark sloping walls, in contrast, make the interior as massive. Tempted to use textile window decoration succumb, perhaps, not worth it. Curtains, draperies particularly eat up space, besides on-Mandelstam breathe "stars in the Milky trash" will not succeed, and this is almost the most important thing in life beneath the sky. Blinds - a good solution, especially because they are incredibly diverse in design today, and on the materials and colors. Attic substantially increase the usable area of ??construction, but their main advantage, of course, not in it, and that they represent an unusual space, yet it is to such a result and tend to those who want to have a truly personalized home.