Well on the plot

Using a Russian bath and operation of even a small pool would require a near constant source of natural water - ponds, rivers, lakes, and in their absence - well. Where is possible to construct a well on the plot? Of course, in a convenient location for the owner. However, you should know that the water passing through the upper permeable layer may be severe, if nearby there are great sources of pollution. Therefore it is impossible to arrange a well near the landfill, compost and manure piles, as well as in the discharge of wastewater. The well, located on a slope should always be placed above the existing source of pollution. Atmospheric water is usually located deep in the earth at the impermeable layer consisting of a fairly dense oily clay decent thickness. Depending on the depth of the impermeable layer of ground water is divided into the following types: perched water (water, taken from a depth of up to 5 m), soil (water, taken from a depth of 10 m), groundwater (water, taken from a depth of 40 m); artesian (water, taken from a depth of 40 m). For stand-alone water supply problem - watering, hoznuzhdy (1-2 m3 daily needs) - fits well in the presence of an aquifer from 5 to 20 pm And though there are wells and up to 30 m, well in great depth is fraught with complications and it becomes unprofitable for compared with drilling wells. We must also take into account local hydrogeological situation - a swampy area well water is not drinking - it will penetrate perched at the same time that she encountered on the surface. More often in the choice of "a well or well" the last word said purse rather than common sense: a small well less well. The guarantee on the quality of the ring - 50 years (although it may, the silted up 3-4, however, its easier to clean a similar procedure from the wells), and repair crumbling of the Rings is not so complicated as repairing a well. Also, check the rig to the site is fraught with the destruction of fences, flower beds and lawns. Time to dig a matter anyway, when to start digging a well. Construction of the well (as well as drilling wells, however) may all year round - the land is rarely freezes deeper 1,2 m, and a place in the pit during the winter can warm campfire. However, in spring, during snow melt, can be seriously wrong with the depth of the well due to high water table: a well dug in April may be a dry winter. Seasonal fluctuation of water level can be 1-2 m. It is better to dig a well in the winter and autumn when water horizon has the lowest level. If the water level dropped, it is possible to deepen the well of smaller rings (0.7 m) diameter. From the darkness of centuries come to full flower in bloom and prejudices, seers and shamans, which declare a set of abilities from the prevention of nuclear explosions and the revival of the dead to determine the place of a well. Willow or hazel twig medieval lozohodtsa replaced wire frame in high-tech style. Frame makes the turn ideomotor - barely noticeable - the movement of fingers and a resonance phenomenon, about the same "otherworldly forces, and that at seances - plate. But the essence has not changed: if the neighbors have wells - safely dig themselves. If not, it is necessary to drill an exploration well. And there could be no frame nor the medium does not help. Aquifer (permeable rock layer with a certain capacity) may extend up to several square miles on it from places catchment water moves from higher to lower level. The movement of water in the aquifer - filtering - are the cracks and pores in an aqueous breed. Underground rivers move uniformly, without breaking the continuous flow of low velocity in the laminar regime. If, within this stratum dig a well, the water in it will be regardless of the predictions lozohodtsa. Place under a pit on a site must choose a master of common sense. A spellcaster rain in 60 years in America were, of how events unfolded in a drought, depended on - they receive a fee or will be bits of furious farmers. How to dig a well? Unfortunately, neither the SNIP, or TU with process maps for the construction of wells does not exist. As a rule, well digging a team of three people by hand: one is working on the bottom with a shovel or a crowbar, filling the bucket with soil, the second - at the mouth of the well - picks up a bucket with wooden gate on the box and refers worked out by the rock pile in - near rapidly growing pile of clay . The third rests. Occurring stones everted short crowbar, their overall ropes and retrieved from the well and through the gate. The work is intensive, workers often change. The air temperature in the well at a depth of more than 3 m did not exceed 10 ° C, high humidity, the air in the well is not ventilated. Painting charms: watch as digging a well, interesting and scary. The most popular now is the construction of wells made of reinforced concrete ring type COP 09.10, or similar with a lock or flat end 0,9 m in height and diameter 1 m. The weight of the ring - 700-750 kg. The first ring is placed in the excavated pit, the next - descended on the ring - at the top. All by hand, another ring just rolled on the previous one. From under the lower ring is chosen ground, and the rings fall under its own weight, sliding along the walls of the mine shaft of the future. The column built up, so up to the aquifer. Digging a well in light soil - sand or dry loam, for the shift crew puts 3.2 ring. Heavy soils (wet clay, rocky) make this work in servitude. Approximation of the aquifer is determined by the marked cooling - air temperature in the well falls by 1-2 degrees on the walls of the mine appear mini-springs. During the construction of wells in the dry solid ground possible another scheme, when first dug mine shaft, and then it on the bar with drop down gates of the ring. Protection of wells from surface water One - two lower junction between the rings in the well to seal the inside with a solution to prevent perched over the gap between the rings - water intake will be lower. After the solution was clutch, sinking wells continues. In an aquifer, usually set between one and two rings. After that, all the remaining joints are sealed from the inside with a solution with the addition of liquid glass, the bottom layer of gravel pit carpeted height of 20-30 cm of gravel (fraction 5-25 cm), it will serve as a filter for incoming water. Annular space is filled with gravel and sand, compacted clay on top (an earthen castle) to prevent falling into the pit of rain and meltwater. Clay - a good aquitard. Top ring not bury in the ground to protect from snow and mud, waterproofing seam between the upper ring and the entire colony should be done very carefully. Once the water level in the well will be sufficient to immerse the pump should produce pumping water, and repeat it as long as possible: thus there is a "swinging" the well. Settles well Well finished top of a canopy, it installed a wooden gate with a metal handle. By the collar fastened strong cord or rope. Directly used for attaching the bucket cut the chain, which will contribute to dip a bucket into the water. Helm can be performed in a house with a gable roof with hinged doors and top, sticking out of the ground ring can be zadekorirovat stone, facing brick. Good looks well decorated in a log house. Once the soil around the well prosyadet should do blind area of ??paving slabs, to put the bench. But it is worth remembering that during the construction of the well is completely absent labor protection. Work, these are extremely dangerous and time-consuming, high risk of fatal injury. In opening the mine could meet a so-called "Pyvuny" ring can be directly in front to take sides, injuring a worker. Therefore, when deciding "to dig or drill" do not forget about that too. Well or borehole? Compare well and the hole - is incorrect. Even the well to the sand pit for greater adaptability. It should also take into account the well construction and location of septic tanks, sanitary standards require them to carry 200 m, which is 6 acres is unlikely to succeed. A hole in the limestone generally solves all the problems with water supply: water-bearing limestone is everywhere (only at different depths in the Moscow region from 20 to 200 m), the service life - up to 50 years, the volume of water - almost all, it depends only on the pump power . The possibility of full automation autonomous water and a comfortable, almost urban existence in his own country dome.To that well - the easiest and cheapest option of water supply - a controversial thesis. But the quality of water - a great doubt: water intake comes from the free-flow of groundwater, which are nothing but a waste of human activity, slightly filtered soil. In the spring and after rains the water is cloudy. If you do not always choose the water - it is stagnant, well, like the shallow well, silt. The water level depends on rainfall and seasonally, and in dry summer may dry up altogether. It's in the old days you could drink water wells and stand on their feet, and now from the raw water from the well can be up and stretch. Previously, the well being constructed for many consumers, they dug deep, the selection was constant and intense. Ecology was a virgin, and the heavens are transparent. I mean - no acid rain. So we do not go for a well - need a well with water treatment. And then the water boil - is necessary. Caring for the well to the wells of any type are increased sanitary requirements. In the pit and around it must always be clean. To the well for at least 3 m should not approach the animals. Therefore, around the wells at a distance of 6 m from them you need to install the fence. In the open wells can be caught insects, beetles, mice, frogs, cats, and leaves from the trees, rain, snow, dust, and therefore the well should be closed tight and dust-, water-resistant cover. Cover can be made of wood, metal, plastic. Water is recommended to take one, the so-called public, a bucket attached to a pole, rope, ropes, chains. In this case, the bucket should be kept in a closed pit, suspended on a hook. Top of the bucket should be covered by a grid of stainless steel materials, such as bars. This prevents water from his animals. Two - four times a year, the wells should be inspected and cleaned. When viewed from the well can not thoroughly inspect the water column and bottom because the water layer, whose height varies from 1 m or more. In this case, inspection is recommended to perform using bulbs with a reflector on a long cord. Best electric lamp placed in a glass dome. This prevents the extremely hot bulb from contact with water and cracking. You can use an ordinary electric light is strong enough glow. You can perform inspection and the easiest way to do early morning or evening when the sun is not very high standing in the horizon, using the so-called sunshine. Two hands take the glass about the size of 20x30 cm (can be more), have become a well log and direct rays of the sun so that they are reflected from the glass and fell to the bottom of the pit. Thanks to this simple method is very easy to scan the bottom of the well and determine what's there. When it detects a foreign object in the water or on the bottom of the well should immediately take steps to remove it. Depending on the depth of the well, some things can be removed using a pole with a hook on the end or with the grid. If the water were a mouse, bird, cat, the water from the well must be completely removed, disinfect the well and only then fill with fresh water. Strictly prohibited caulk leaky seams made. Cushioning material is not impregnated putty quickly rot, crumbling, and its fibers contaminate the water, which accounts for strain through a fine sieve. Apply mastics soaked cushioning materials such as ropes, as it is impossible, since they are not sealed with them may be dripping with water, saturated paste, which spoils the taste of water and makes it of little use for drinking. This is allowed only in the wells made of concrete or concrete rings. There, they not only inside the ring, but the grooves between the rings is smeared on both sides with cement mortar. In the log cabins of logs, sticks or notches in between the plates still on the ground fill (promazyvayut) fat clay mortar. In addition, the remaining space or gap between the cut and fill with soil clay solution that protects the water in the well from penetrating into the soil and vadose water. During construction of the well device shall be provided around the castle from fat mint (thick) of clay at a depth of not less than 2,5 m from ground level and a minimum thickness of 25-30 cm, but thicker is better, and then backfill to produce the usual ground. From the tip well at a distance of 2,5 m or more is recommended to lay a layer of fat mint clay 20-25 cm thick with a bias to one side, carefully seal the layer and then cover it with stone, fieldstone, concrete, concrete slabs or asphalt. Headroom, made of wood, must be very dense. Additional headroom sheathe the outside of the thin boards (planks) with a thickness of 25-30 mm. Boards should fit tightly to each other. This is to ensure that through the cracks in the well did not make dust, dirt, insects, etc. watering trough should be attributed to the 4-5 m behind the fence, and water poured back in a groove that is shot down from the boards, or harvested from the tree trunk.