The heater in our days

Desire not to depend on the whims of public utilities has made today heater as necessary appliances like washing machine or plita.Vodonagrevatel Mauger be gas or electric. Once upon a time, many homes Soviet cities even at the stage of building equipped with gas water heaters, better known as a speaker. In those buildings, which are not supplied with gas, water, warm with electricity. Electric water heaters are safe, have a wide range of sizes and capacities: on the one end are the compact flow-through apparatus, on the other - devices such as storage capacity up to 100 liters a wall-mounted and up to 500 liters in the outdoor version. Flow-through or storage? Instantaneous water heaters do not have the capacity for water and warm it on the fly, while the water flows through the device. Their main advantage - small in size: an electric water heater can be installed directly in the shower or near a sink. The problem with instantaneous water heaters is that when running such a unit capacity of 3.7 kW load on the apartment wiring is close to a dangerous brink. The water flows from the machine in a thin stream (flow rate does not exceed 2 L / min), and its temperature does not exceed 30 ° C. And it is not surprising: for the flow of hot water "as the tap" heat input should be about 20 kW, which is provided only costly apparatus and special wiring. Optimal solution, enabling the electricity does not spend more than it consumes iron or kettle, and immediately receive a lot of hot water heaters are storage (accumulation) of the type. Heat accumulates in them gradually wire "not to honk, and hot water is waiting for you in the right quantity and has the desired temperature. Kopim heat in the tank water in the storage unit type is typed in a sealed steel tank, located inside the outer casing. Tank wall must withstand operating pressures up to 8 bar, so the thickness of the steel reaches 1.8 mm. Obviously, the tank is so thick it would be too expensive to do entirely of stainless steel, so the thin steel wall causing the cheaper the protective coating. Efforts by manufacturers concentrated on finding the most reliable and friendly anti-corrosion coating. The appearance of defects and chips covering unacceptable: because at failure of the tank unit can not be restored. To protect the tank many manufacturers are widely used materials based on glass: steklofarfor, vitreous enamels, glass-ceramic. Such coatings are practically not affected by water, but react to the thermal deformation of the tank. This is especially true in winter when the water in the machine can reach 80 ° C, and at the entrance - no more than 4 ° C. Non-plastics steklopokrytie can start cracking, opening the way to a steel water tank wall. This feature is well-known producers, and along with affordable options to meet consumer offers water heaters with an enamel-coated wall. Enamel is not subject to cracking and serving for many years. But, considering it a strong increase, we see that the enamel surface consists of high "peaks" and deep "valleys". Such relief is attractive to bacteria and germs that find refuge on the walls of the tank. The water fills the tank water heater does not wash off microorganisms and they are quietly multiplying in the warm. The result is an unpleasant smell. It can be eliminated by heating the water in the tank to the maximum temperature to kill bacteria. To date, covering the most stable operating in the Russian context, is a titanium enamel. In addition to these advantages inherent in the enamel, it falls on the tank smooth layer, thus preventing the bacteria. By itself, titanium has a so-called biocompatibility, making this metal is used in medicine. Manufacturers usually confirms the advantages of titanium enamel multi-year warranty on tank. For example, the Ariston water heaters are warranted for 7 years. This was made possible through the use of titanium enamel Titanium Plus Inside, which is able to withstand changes in temperature and pressure for many years. Due to increased plasticity of this enamel is easy to adapt to cyclical changes in the volume of the tank (an increase in the heating and decrease cooling). Enamel Titanium Plus Inside prevents bacteria from growing on the walls of the tank and provides an ideal hygiene throughout the life of the heater. One layer - well, two - best cover the tank - so the important thing that the manufacturers of water heaters do not always stop at one layer of enamel. The main distinguishing feature of the water heater company BAXI - two-layer coating the inner tank of high-strength titanium enamel. The process of enamelling is as follows: first, the inner tank water heater is covered with a layer of liquid enamel, which is then dehumidified hot air at 300 ° C. Further, by an electrostatic spray applied a second layer of dry powder enamel. At the final stage of processing tank fired at a temperature close to 900 ° C. In this case, two coats of enamel baked into one, forming a high strength and durable coating which makes the tank is resistant to corrosive water and does not alter water chemistry. The main advantage of this two-layered enameling technique is that the first liquid layer of enamel maximum extent penetrates into all irregularities, suture connections, and other hard to reach places inside the tank surface, forming an ideal protective coating. In addition, the liquid enamel, in contrast to the powder, has a better grip with the metal surface of the tank. The thermostat is always on guard for other important elements of the heater are thermoelectric heating element (heater) and the thermostat. They are entirely dependent efficacy and safety of the device. In order that consumers can make a choice between the speed of heating and electrical loads, manufacturers offer devices of various capacities. Thus, when power PETN 1,5 kW water in the machine capacity of 80 liters is heated for 40-50 minutes faster than 1,2 kW. The thermostat monitors the temperature of the heating, which has established a user using a slider. Desired temperature setting at 60 ° C, thus avoiding the rapid formation of scale. In some models of water heaters (Stiebel Eltron, Ariston, etc.) provides a mapping operation parameters on the display. It is necessary that water heater was also the safety thermostat that turns off heater in the event that did not work the main thermostat. Unfortunately, not all manufacturers have complied with this requirement is security. To heater has overheated and crashed, the device must always be filled with water. Therefore, the selection of tube hot water passes through the tank and picks up water in its upper point. And at the inlet of cold water when the connection is a safety valve that lets water only inside the unit. The second important task is the valve to the water pressure in the tank did not exceed 8 bar. Excess pressure can occur either in overheated water in the tank or, more commonly, at an elevated pressure in the line of cold water. In this case, open the drain valve opening, and the pressure will stabilize. The minimum pressure at which the valve is triggered, is 0,25 bar (2,5 m water column). This is a serious limitation in suburban water supply when the source of cold water is not water main and water tank, located above the water heater. That in this case, dispense valve, tee divorce water from a reservoir to water heater and other needs should be placed above the top of the tank. Then the machine is not emptied, even with the full discharge of water from the reservoir. Keep warm and save considerably on electricity allows insulated inner tank. It is made of dense foam, which has low thermal conductivity. The greater the thickness of the insulation, the better. If you see the next two devices the same size, then watch out - the more compact of them either has a real volume is less than claimed, or insulation is too thin. Best of all heat stored in the model of a rectangular flat shape (Electrolux, Ariston, Vaillant) due to increased average thickness of the insulating material due to its abundance in the corners of the unit. The water temperature in the quality water heater of 100 liters when it drops off for days at 5-7 ° C. Whatever the warranty on the heater, it is supported by the manufacturer only in case of proper operation and maintenance. Heater, thermostat and magnesium anode, requiring periodic maintenance, fixed on the flange is inserted into the tank. It is important that the flange can be easily removed and securely sealed and set in place. The most successful solution is the flange that attaches to the tank a few nuts around the edges, providing a very tight clamp. When servicing the water heater and the heater thermostat should be regularly cleaned of scale. Additional protection against corrosion is located in the tank magnesium anode. Should replace him as the spending and buying the water heater to choose the device with the highest volume of the anode. And we have a flat gas-flow gas water heaters (columns) are familiar to our customer since the Soviet era. Modern models of such vehicles fitted with a piezo ELECTRONIC gas, lets you forget about matches. Gas appliances are equipped with all the necessary range of security devices, and due to its high calorific value of natural gas, heated water flowing through the device is much faster than their electric cousins. Plus gas columns is their compactness, which is essential for small apartments. Instantaneous gas water heater manufacturers thought their adaptation to the Russian market: for example, water heaters Demrad Turkish firm Demir Dokum calculated at nominal gas pressure of 130 mm of water. Art.; minimum water pressure of 0.1 kPa and have a fitting for cold water 3 / 4. "Cumulative gas water heaters (boilers), as well as electrical appliances of this type are available in wall (up to 200 hp) and floor ( 200 hp or more) options. These devices allow us to solve the problem of hot water, for example, a country house. The main advantage of wall-hung gas water heaters storage type is that they can replace the gas column. Nothing is changing in the chimney, connector gas and cold water can be set to the same place, where hung a geyser, gas boiler with capacity of 50-100 liters. These brands Ariston water heaters are available, such as Italy's MTS Group. The line of products Merloni Termosanitary is SGA Series models with tank capacities ranging from 50 to 95 l representing an excellent alternative to traditional gas column. Experts say that the main advantage of gas boilers - an opportunity to obtain a large flow of water of high temperature in several water-points. When using a gas column of hot water the right temperature is limited capacity. In funded systems is crucial not power the device, and its volume as water is heated in advance. Another apparent advantage of accumulative gas water heaters there is a possibility to connect the pipeline reverse circulation, which makes it comfortable to enjoy hot water even in the most remote locations. This is especially important for centralized hot water cottages or at home for several families, when water-point strongly enough apart from each other and from the drive. Gas water heaters are deprived of this opportunity. A third advantage is not critical to the pressure drop of gas and water. Low gas pressure affects only the power unit and is manifested in increased heating time water. For geysers low water pressure and gas is unacceptable.