How to choose a water heater?

You used to live in comfort and do not want to give up a warm bath at the cottage? Or you tired of problems with disconnecting the hot water in your apartment, you can change and thereby make their lives easier and more enjoyable. To begin with, these problems can be solved with fairly simple and not very expensive equipment - water heaters. Commonly used electric or gas. Somewhat less frequently used solid fuel. There are also heaters that are connected to the boiler, as well as combinations of the above options. All water heaters can be divided into instantaneous and storage (capacitive). Probably the most famous example of all flowing water heater - this is called a geyser. Which water heater is optimal in your environment depends on several factors: whether to use gas or electricity, how much water you need for a comfortable life: is there any room for fairly large water heater, or only put a compact flow-through, is it possible to use more power required for the flow of electric heater? For the correct choice should have an idea about the basic types of heaters, their advantages and disadvantages. Electric instantaneous water heaters in the instantaneous water heaters heat water occurs as it passes through a water heater, and electricity is consumed only during the use of hot water. The main plus of these water heaters - compactness. The downside is that they have a higher electrical power (usually around 6-27 kW). It is clear that the performance of such a device is determined by two factors - the temperature of incoming water and the power of the device itself. Most water heaters of this type is equipped with an automatic inclusion at the beginning of water pumping. There are instantaneous water heaters for both single phase (of power usually does not exceed 12 kW), and for three-phase line (the most common models from 12 to 27 kW). In that case, if your site is not required for instantaneous water heaters electric power, or you need a large amount of hot water, you should pay close attention to the electrical storage (capacitive) water heaters. Electric storage water heaters as mentioned above, this type of water heater provides the greatest comfort, because you can stock up almost any amount of hot water that will satisfy even the most demanding consumer. But for this advantage would have to pay large size water heater and a long period of heating. Accumulative electric water heaters - it's quite simple and reliable devices, the basic elements are the inner tank and the heating element - heater. Fuel tank capacity, most manufacturers usually ranges from 10 to 200 hp, power TAN - from 1,2 to 2,5 kW. These two parameters plus the water heater temperature of incoming cold water determine the heating time. For 10-15-liter boiler takes about 30-40 minutes., For a 200-liter - 5-8 hours. In addition to the tank and PETN in the water heater usually consists of: magnesium anode (to prevent corrosion of the tank), thermal (heat ensures that the hot water), thermostat (allows you to set the desired temperature), the outer casing (defines the appearance of the boiler) and safety valve (for grazing pressure). Most firms produce water heaters, both vertical and horizontal. The choice of a particular type depends only on the convenience of placing the heater in your room. If this issue is not urgent, more logical to buy a vertical, because usually in the equality of all the other parameters of its price is lower. You may be useful table indicative of heating water in the boiler (50 ° C) depending on its size (at a power PETN equal 1.2 kW). Volume, l - Heating time, min 10 - 25 30 - 90 50 - 160 80 - 240 100 - 270 Gas instantaneous water heaters (geysers) All gas water heaters have the same scheme. Their main elements are the burner heats the water and automation, ensuring safe operation. Fortunately, those are the times when, burning fingers, people lit the gas in the old Soviet columns with matches or a rolled paper. To enable virtually any of the new columns, all you have to do - is push a button or open a water tap. There are two options: piezoelectric and electronic ignition. If the model with pezorozzhigom, the launch vehicle will carry out manually, by pressing a button. In the case with electronic ignition column runs automatically when you open the hot water tap. In addition, water heaters with electric ignition economical, because no igniter with a constantly burning flame. You should definitely pay attention to models with a modulation burner. This type of torch provides a constant water temperature at the outlet of the column, regardless of incoming water temperature jumps. The most important parameter of the gas column is its power, it is possible to judge the amount of hot water, which you can get the output. Gas water heaters are usually divided into three groups: low power (17-19 kW), medium power (22-24 kW), high power (28-30 kW). When you select a water heater should be targeted at the estimated volume flow of hot water, depending on its power: Power, kW consumption for heating at 50oC flow when heated to 25oC in 1919 to 5 l / min to 11.5 l / min 24 to 7 l / min up to 14 l / min 28 to 8 l / min to 16 l / min Before buying a gas column must find out whether it is adapted to the pressure of gas in the Russian networks. Gas storage water heaters advantage of gas storage water heaters is the same as that of their electrical counterparts, - comfort, which consists of a large supply of water. The volume of sales of gas storage water heaters in Russia are much lower than electric. This is a consequence of their relatively high prices and the traditional difficulties with the installation of gas equipment. But gas water heaters in some cases much cheaper electric, and their higher price is more than compensated for use because cost of gas is several times less than the cost of electricity. Comfort provided by storage water heaters, gives them an opportunity, under certain conditions, to successfully compete with gas pumps. It is important to note that many companies produce two types of capacitive gas water heaters: natural-draft (with open combustion chamber) and the forced draft (with a sealed chamber). Water heaters with forced draft has the following advantages: does not require additional air flow into the room to maintain the combustion process can reduce capital investment during the installation, because no need to make expensive traditional chimney, instead of which has been successfully used short and inexpensive coax. Their main negative - significantly higher cost compared to a natural draft water heaters (about 1,5 times). How to choose a water heater? As for instantaneous water heaters, it is sufficient to determine its performance (l / min), which is specified in the ad booklet for every company, and its commensurate with your habits. If you have no idea how many liters of warm water per minute you need, you can use the "antediluvian," but a very vivid way. To do this, we can take the container of known volume (eg, 8-liter), including a shower with the usual pressure for you and see how much time this bucket is full. If the tank is filled in 1 minute, then it is clear that you are satisfied with consumption of 8 liters per minute. If water was flowing over the edge after only half a minute, then obviously you're used to spend 16 liters per minute. That way you can determine the power cylinder, which will suit your needs. But we must remember that if you have simultaneous multi-draw-points (shower, sink, etc.), then it must necessarily take into consideration. To select the volume of DHW can rely on one-time-averaged flow of warm water by one person: Bath 150 - 180 L Shower 50 -90 l 6 -17 l washbasin sink 20 - 30 l With this table, given the number of family members, you can choose optimal amount of required water heater. Typically, the most popular models for use outside the city are water heaters to 100-200 hp. In a city apartment, few people can afford to install such a large volume of water heater, in this case more likely to buy boilers with capacity from 10 to 50 liters, which may well remove the problems that arise in connection with the annual summer shutdown of hot water.