Choosing a filter for many of us becomes a real problem! What should govern, we often can not answer, sometimes the choice is due to the bright advertising, product design, not real good. Meanwhile, the quality of tap water, even in the same city, such as Moscow, in different areas is very different. Of course, we dream of a "filter-universal", which would have cleared the water from all harmful components simultaneously. But what kind of harmful impurities are present it is in our water is unknown. Any water, depending on the source of water consumption: for someone is municipal tap water in the apartment, for others it is water from artesian wells or from wells in the country, someone is using spring water, in each case the water has its own specific . Therefore, filtration equipment, should be selected primarily based on the characteristics of water and the application of the filter. There are requirements SanPiN 2.1.4.1074-01 of maximum allowable concentrations of elements in the water. Picking vodooochistku, can be guided by how the relevant norms SanPiN and their own desires. For example, people suffering from urolithiasis prefer to drink distilled water, which has no salt, and set filters to completely clear them. A certain quality of water "out" as a result of filtering can be achieved by knowing only what the water was at the entrance "before proceeding. At first, say, on common substances that are present with different concentrations at the entrance and in tap water, and in the well and an artesian well, and in the spring. Next, we turn to the specific elements that are inherent in, for example, tap water, but not in water, artesian well. Also describe the effect on health and quality of plumbing, appliances excess, or the minimum content of various substances. The parameters for filter selection are: hardness, iron, permaganatnaya oxygen demand, pH, and manganese. Purified mainly from them. A number of elements: phosphates, nitrites, fluoride, chlorine compounds, hydrogen sulfide, the mechanical particle, petroleum products are characteristic only of this source of water consumption. Of course, the concentration of these elements is different in each case. In the book "Angelica", an old Indian chief taught Angelique determine the water: what is useful, some harmful. So that's the definition that an Indian gave clean and healthy water, ideally correct, perfectly well: "If the water is tough on the taste, it can not be good." There are several indicators that are essential for determining the water is good or bad. First: stiffness. Indian rights was "hard water can not be good, but very soft water, too, can not be good. Hard water simply unpleasant to taste it too much calcium. Optimum level of hardness in the water should be 1,5-2 mEq / liter. Rigidity above 4.5 mEq / L leads to rapid accumulation of sediment in the water system and plumbing, calcification interfere with household appliances. The probability of fouling of pipes calcareous sediments increases, ie, decreases the scheduled time of the pipeline. Hardness salts, otlagayas heating and hot water supply, lead to waste of energy and incapacitate boilers ahead of time. Stiffness is non-carbonate and carbonate-yet it is called temporary or permanent. There is one way to remove the temporary hardness, known each housewife boiling. Of course, such clarification solves many problems but creates others. Boil enough water to dissolved calcium bicarbonate with carbon dioxide and precipitation of calcium carbonate. This process we are witnessing on a daily basis in a teapot. But when reflux worsens the appearance of dishes, calcification on the heating elements, which significantly reduces the longevity of their work. The constant use of water with high rigidity leads to accumulation of salts in the body and, ultimately, a disease of the joints (arthritis, polyarthritis), the formation of kidney stones, gall and bladder. In hard water worse mylitsya soap, washing powder consumption increases. One option for stabilizing stiffness that prevents calcium deposits on the tubes, may be a special magnetic treatment of water is (mediagon) special filters. Though experts recommend the use of these devices are not in place of traditional softeners, and along with them. Very soft water is no less dangerous, than too tight. The most active is the soft water. Excessively soft water can flush out calcium from bones and useful organic compounds, including beneficial bacteria. A person can develop rickets if you drink this water since childhood, the adult becomes brittle bones. Water of hardness below 0.5 mEq / L is a corrosion-active with respect to pipes and boilers, can wash away sediment in the pipes that accumulate with prolonged stagnation of water supply systems. This entails the appearance of an unpleasant odor and taste of water. However, normally softened water especially amenable to the contour of hot water to extend the life of the boiler. "Iron" water also can be useful. The iron content in the water above the norm contributes to the accumulation of sediment in the water supply system, an intense staining plumbing. Iron gives the water a nasty red-brown color, it affects the taste, causes the development of iron bacteria, sedimentation in the pipes and clogging. High iron content leads to the adverse effects on the skin. Hard water when washing the skin form a film of insoluble calcium salt, which causes irritation. Iron should be at the level of 0,2-0,3 mEq / L, but if calcium is the lower bound on the iron of such a boundary there. The lower the iron content in water, the better for water quality and for the body. We get enough iron, when used apples, greyfruktov, oranges. That is, food provides us with iron and water can be quite obezzhelezennoy. The upper limit of iron in water, 0.3 mEq / liter. There is an indicator of water permaganatnaya oxidizability. It shows how much oxygen is able to absorb water, oxygen is only on the oxidation of organic matter. Norma SanPin 5 mEq / l, but at a concentration of more than 2 mEq / water contains sufficient amounts of organic impurities. Organics is a very good slag-forming agent, organics can cause some odors, but in general it is subjective, some drinks and says, "I do not feel anything," If a lot of organic matter, then form a slag with metals. Many side, for example, pesticides. Since household filters (iodine, hloraminovye, silver) are able to reduce the number of bacteria in the water, at best, and even remove the organic components (carbon filters SPRING). Another significant element of water is pH (pH value). If the pH is lower than 6,5-6,6 may be corroded pipes. By the way in rainwater pH is 5.5 and close to the pH of healthy skin. Thus, purified mainly on the hardness, organics, iron, reduced pH and manganese content. Speaking about the specific elements of water, chlorine can be called. Tap water disinfected by chlorination. But in the presence of a large number of organics can be formed extremely harmful hloroorganicheskih compounds, particularly dioxin. Accordingly, this water needs to get rid of free chlorine. In artesian wells and tap water may be present a high content of fine particles (sand, clay, rust). Such contamination has a significant influence on the durability and performance characteristics plumbing (fault plane based cermets, pipes, bathtubs, toilets, showers). Depending on the concentration of suspended particles and their distribution by number and size selected filtration equipment. In particular, the higher the concentration, the stronger should be a sediment filter. The average value of suspended particles about 9-10 mg / L, in the case of such a concentration of sediment filter is not needed. Thus, certain elements must be removed to zero (iron), while others must be left, within appropriate limits (calcium-50 mEq / L). To select a filter, except for information on water quality necessary to accurately identify the purposes for which the filter is applied. Can only be used to purify drinking water, in this case should be selected filters deep cleansing, and possibly more than large-scale application, for domestic purposes: watering the garden, pool, for plumbing, then you need a sediment filter. If you decide to choose a filter for domestic purposes, it is important to know how many points are in the water pumping house, apartment, be sure the number of residents, and certainly know what the water was "downstream" These three requirements make it possible to choose the most favorable filtration system. Respecting all the conditions mentioned earlier, you can pick the one filter that is optimal, but still up to you.
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